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Bio 12-3

Bio 12-3: Protein Synthesis

QuestionAnswer
Central dogma of molecular biology DNA -->(transcription) --> RNA---> (translation) ---> protein
What are 3 differences between DNA and RNA? 1) DNA uses deoxyribose, RNA uses ribose 2) DNA has 2 strands, RNA has one 3) RNA has uracil, DNA doesn't
what is a codon? 3 bases on mRNA that code for specific amino acid
what does mRNA do? carries info from DNA to rest of the cell
what does rRNA do? combines with proteins to form ribosomes
what does tRNA do? transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to ribosome
Steps of transcription 1) DNA unwinds by helicase. 2) RNA polymerase adds comp. nucleotides, replacing T with U. 3) the half with U leaves detaches.
what happens to introns and exons? both are copied but introns are removed later
Steps of translation? 1) mRNA exits the nucleus and fed through a ribosome 2) tRNA goes to comp. codon and delivers amino acid 3) polypeptide chain forms, protein forms
what does RNA polymerase do? binds to unzipped areas of template strand called promoters and adds comp. nucleotides
Explain relationship between genes and proteins 1 gene contains the instructions for assembling 1 protein
Created by: mhaq.16
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