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Chapter 6 vocab

QuestionAnswer
trait characteristic that is inherited
genetics study of the heredity patterns and the variation of organisms
purebred type of organism whose ancestors are genetically uniform
cross the mating of two organisms
law of segregation Mendel's first law stating that (1) organisms inherit two copies of genes, one from each parent and (2) organisms donate only one copy of each gene in their gametes because the genes separate during gamete formation
gene specific region of DNA that codes for a particular protien
allele any of the alternative forms of a gene the occurs at a specific place on a chromosome
homozygous characteristic of having two of the same alleles at the same loscus of sister chromatids
heterozygous characteristic of having two different alleles that appear at the same locus of sister chromatids
genome all of an organism's genetic material
genotype collection of all of an organim's genetic information that codes for traits
phenotype collection of all of an organism's characteristics
dominant allele that is expressed when two different alleles are present in an organism's genotype
recessive allele that is not expressed unless two copies are present in an organism's genotype
punnett square model for predicting all possible genotypes resulting from a cross or mating
monohybrid cross cross or mating between organisms that involves only one pair of contrasting traits
test cross cross between an organism with an unknown phenotype and an organism with a recessive phenotype
dihybrid cross cross or mating between organisms involving two pairs of contrasting traits
Law of Independent Assortment Mendel's second law, stating that allele pairs separate from each other during gamete formation
probability the likelihood that something will happen
crossing over exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosomes during meiosis I
genetic linkage tendency for genes located close together on the same chromosome to be inherited together
Created by: kfran0112
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