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Chapter 11 Vocab mep

Chapter 11 test

QuestionAnswer
Nitrogenous base carbon ring structure found in DNA or RNA that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen; includes adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, and uracil
Double helix shape of a DNA molecule formed when two twisted DNA strands are coiled into a springlike structure and held together by hydrogen bonds between bases
DNA replication process in which chromosomal DNA is copied before mitosis or meiosis
Messenger RNA RNA that transports information from DNA in the nucleus to the cell's cytoplasm
Ribosomal RNA RNA that makes up the ribosomes; clamps onto mRNA and uses its information to assemble amino acids in the correct order
Transfer RNA RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosomes to be assembled into proteins
Transcription process in the cell nucleus where enzymes make an RNA copy of a DNA strand
Codon set of three nitrogenous bases that represents an amino acid; order of nitrogenous bases in mRNA determines the type and order of amino acids in a protein
Translation process of converting the information in a sequence of nitrogenous bases in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in a protein
Mutation any change in the DNA sequence
Point Mutation change in a single base pair in DNA
Frameshift Mutation a mutation in which a single base is added to or deleted from DNA; shifts the reading of codon by one base
Chromosomal Mutation mutation that occurs at the chromosome level resulting in changes in the gene distribution to gametes during meiosis
Mutagen any agent that can cause a change in DNA
Created by: mpiontek
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