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Cellular Respiration
AHS Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cellular Respiration | the process in which cells make ATP by breaking down organic compounds into simpler molecules and thus release energy |
| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate |
| Glycolysis | is a biochemical pathway that is a series of chemical reactions, catalyzed by specific enzymes. takes place in the cytosol and occurs in four main steps |
| Pyruvic Acid | one of the three cargo molecules that are converted during the glycolysis process |
| Aerobic respiration | occurs with oxygen |
| Fermentation | is the combination of glycolysis and pyruvic acid that enters into the pathways when there is no oxygen present. |
| Redox Reaction | a type of reaction during cellular respiration when one reactant is oxidized while another is reduced |
| Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) | produced during the 2nd phase of glycolysis, and also produced by the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis |
| Lactic Acid Fermentation | the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates that produces lactic acid as the main end product |
| Alcoholic Fermentation | the anaerobic process by which yeast and other microorganisms break down sugars to form carbon dioxide and ethanol |
| Kilocalorie | a unit of energy that equals 1000 calories |
| NADH | an electron carrying molecule that functions in cellular respiration, it is a reduced form of NAD+ |
| NAD+ | an organic molecule that serves as an electron crier by being oxidized to NAD+ to NADH |
| Mitochondrial matrix | is the space inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. it contains enzyme needed to catalyze the reactions of the krebs cycle |
| acetyl CoA | a compound that is synthesized by cells and plays a major role in metabolism |
| The Krebs Cycle | a series of 5 biochemical reactions that convert pyretic acid into carbon dioxide and water, it is the major pathway of oxidation in animal, plant, and bacteria cells, and releases energy |
| Oxaloacetic acid | a four carbon compound found in the 1st stage of the Krebs Cycle that combines with acetyl Coa to form citric acid |
| Citric Acid | a six carbon compound formed in the Krebs Cycle |
| Electron Transport Chain | is a series of molecules in a membrane that transfers electrons from one molecule to another |
| FAD | a compound that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in dehydrogenation reactions |
Created by:
tbostwick
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