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Nature of Science

Flashcards of keyterms that are in the 1st unit of Biology:The Nature of Science

QuestionAnswer
Theory A well-tested hypothesis that organizes knowledge in a field, fits existing data, explains how events or processes are thought to occur and successfully predicts future observations
Experimental group A group in a scientific experiment where the factor being tested is not applied so that it may serve as a standard for comparison against another group where the factor is applied.
Control A subject or a group in an experiment where the factor being tested is not applied, hence, serves as a standard for comparison against another group where the factor is applied.
Observation The data measured, collected, perceived or noticed, especially during an experiment
Inference The logical process of passing from observations and axioms to generalizations; in statistics, the development of generalizations from sample data, usually with calculated degrees of uncertainty.
Hypothesis A supposition or tentative explanation for (a group of) phenomena, (a set of) facts, or a scientific inquiry that may be tested, verified or answered by further investigation or methodological experiment.
Law (1) An established principle thought to be universal and invariable. (2) A scientific generalization based on empirical observations of physical behavior.
Prediction The act of making an educated guess as to the outcome of a situation
Independent variable The variable in a functional relation whose value is independent, or is not affected by other variables.
Dependent variable The variable in a functional relation whose value is dependent upon, or influenced by, an independent variable.
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