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Biology Semester 1

QuestionAnswer
You are completing an experiment and change your data to better fit your hypothesis. Why is this wrong? You have introduced bias.
1 millimeter = 1000 micrometers How many millimeters in 5 micrometers? 5 x 10^-3 millimeters
In an experiment, you change the pH of the watering solution but you keep the temperature, soil, and number of seeds the same. How would you describe those variables? Controlled variables
How many experimental variables can you use in an experiment? One per experiment
On which axis would you find the independent variable on a graph? x-axis
Why does ice float? Water is less dense as a solid than a liquid.
What is the pH range for a basic substance? >7
What is an organic compound? Anything that contains carbon
Which macromolecule is the main source of energy? carbohydrates
Which macromolecule is the main component of the cell membrane? lipid
What is the building block (monomer) for carbohydrates? monosaccharide
What is the building block (monomer) for proteins? amino acids
Which vitamin helps in wound healing? Vitamin C
An enzyme is which type of macromolecule? protein
Why do high temperatures often negatively affect enzyme activity? High temps can denature a protein (enzyme)
Why is water attracted to the head of the phospholipids that make up the cell membrane? Polarity
Which type of molecule is often found in the cell membrane to act as a channel for ions or large particles to pass through? Protein
What is it called when substances move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration? Diffusion
What is it called when water moves from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentation? osmosis
If a cell normally lives in a 5% saltwater environment, what would happen to the cell if it was placed in a 0% saltwater environment? The cell would swell (increase) in size because water would enter the cell.
If a cell normally lives in a 5% saltwater environment, what would happen to the cell if it was placed in a 5% saltwater environment? The cell would stay the same size because water would move in and out of the cell at an equal rate.
If a cell normally lives in a 5% saltwater environment, what would happen to the cell if it was placed in a 10% saltwater environment? The cell would shrink (decrease) in size because water would exit the cell.
What are the reactants (starting molecules) for cellular respiration? glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2)
What are the reactants (starting molecules) for photosynthesis? carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O)
What are the products(ending molecules) for cellular respiration? carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O)
What are the products(ending molecules) for photosynthesis? glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2)
Which process uses the mitochondria to release energy from sugars? cellular respiration
What is required in order for photosynthesis to occur? Light, water, carbon dioxide
What is anaerobic respiration? Process that makes energy without oxygen
What is aerobic respiration? Process that makes energy with oxygen
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related? The products of one are the reactants of the other
Which type of cell performs photosynthesis? plant cells
Which type of cell performs cellular respiration? all cells
Some bacteria can use inorganic compounds to make their food. What is this process called? chemosynthesis
What is the main component of the cell wall? cellulose
Which organelle controls what enters and leaves the cell? cell membrane
Which organelle directs cell activities? nucleus
Which organelle performs photosynthesis? chloroplast
Which organelle/structure would be found in plant cells but not animal cells? Chloroplast, cell wall
Three cells are observed under the microscope and magnified so that they all appear to be the same size. Cell A was magnified 5x, Cell B was magnified 10x, and Cell C was magnified 20x. Which cell is the smallest? Cell C
What is the difference between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell? Prokaryotic- no nucleus Eukaryotic- nucleus
Give an example of a prokaryotic cell. Bacteria
Which type of tissue is plants is responsible for transporting water and nutrients? vascular tissue
Amoebas move by extending "false feet" called ________. pseudopodia
Sperm have a whip-like tail that is used for movement called a __________. Flagellum (flagella)
Which body system is responsible for transport and regulating temperature? circulatory
Which body system releases hormones to help control and regulate the body? endocrine
Which body system controls other systems, such as muscular? nervous
Which body system gets rid of waste? excretory
Maintaining a constant internal environment is called __________. homeostasis
The pancreas regulates blood sugar by releasing insulin when glucose is too high and glucagon when levels are too low. This is known as _________. Feedback
What is a stimulus and response? Cause and effect
*HONORS* In an experiment to test the effect of pH on growth, one plant was given water and one plant was given vinegar. What is the control? Plant that was given water
*HONORS* True or false: enzymes are unchanged in a reaction and may be reused. True
*HONORS* Which type of fermentation occurs in muscle cells and causes fatigue & soreness? lactic acid
*HONORS* In an experiment, how could you determine the rate of photosynthesis? Measure the amount of oxygen (bubbles) produced
*HONORS* Which systems are most involved in regulation? Nervous & endocrine
Created by: gunterbio
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