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Ch. 24 Vocabulary
Introduction of Animals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| blastula | fluid-filled ball of cells formed by mitotic cell division of the embryo |
| ectoderm | outer layer of cells in the gastrula that develops into nervous tissue and skin. |
| endoderm | inner layer oof cells in the gastrula that develops into digestive organs and the digestive tract lining. |
| endoskeleton | internal skeleton that protects internal organs, provides support for the organism's body, and can provide and internal brace for muscles to pull together |
| exoskeleton | hard or tough outer covering of many invertebrates that provides support, protects body tissues, prevents water loss, and protects the organism from predation |
| external fertilization | type of fertilization that occurs when sperm and egg combine outside an animal's body |
| gastrula | two-cell-layer sac with an opening at one end that forms from the blastula during embryonic development |
| hermaphrodite | animal that produces both sperm and eggs in its body, generally at different times. |
| internal fertilization | type of fertilization that occurs when sperm and egg combine inside an animal's body |
| invertebrate | animal without a backbone: between 95 and 99 percent of animal species are invertebates |
| mesoderm | layer of cells between the endoderm and the ectoderm that can become muscle tissue and tissue of the circulatory, respiratory, and excretory systems |
| vertebrate | animal with an endoskeleton and a backbone |
| zygote | fertilized egg formed when a sperm cell penetrates an egg |
| acoelomate | animal with a solid body that lacks a fluid-filled body cavity between the gut and the body wall |
| anterior | head end of an animal with bilateral symmetry |
| bilateral symmetry | body plan that can be divided into mirror emages along only one plane through the central axis |
| cephalization | tendency to concentrate sensory organs and nervous tissue an and animal's anterior end. |
| coelom | fluid-filled body cavity completely surrounded by mesoderm |
| deuterostome | coelomate animal whose anus develops from the opening in the gastrula |
| dorsal | backside of an animal with bilateral symmetry |
| posterior | tail end of an animal with bilateral symmetry |
| protostome | coelomate animal whose mouth develops from the opening in the gastrula |
| pseudocoelom | fluid-filled body cavity between the mesoderm and the endoderm |
| radial symmetry | body plan that can be divided along any plane, through a central axis, into roughly equal halves |
| symmetry | balance or similarity in body structures of organisms |
| ventral | underside or belly of an animal with bilateral symmetry |
| cnidocyte | nematocyst-containing stinging cell on a cnidarian's tentacle |
| filter feeder | organism that filters small particles from water to get its food |
| gastrovascular cavity | in cnidarians, the space surrounded by an inner cell layer, where digestion takes place |
| medusa | umbrella-shaped, free-swimming body form of cnidarians |
| nematocyst | capsule whose threadlike tube contains poison and barbs and is discharged when prey touches a cnidarian |
| nerve net | cnidarian nervous system that conducts impulses to and from all parts of the body |
| polyp | tube-shaped, sessile body form of cnidarians |
| sessile | organism permanently attached to one place |
Created by:
hannahworrell
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