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Mrs. Janssen's Final
Plant Reproduction Biology Chapter 23
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is reproduction without the joining of an egg and sperm called? | asexual reproduction |
| What are the horizontal stems of strawberry plants called? | stolons |
| type of reproduction in which new plants are grown from existing plants is called what? | vegetative reproduction |
| What is the technique called when plants are grown from a few cells of plant tissue? | tissue culture |
| What is the first cell of the sporophyte stage called? | zygote |
| In mosses, which structure produces the egg? | archegonium |
| Which structure produces the sperm in mosses? | antheridia |
| The movement of sperm in response to chemicals produced by archegonia is called what? | chemotaxis |
| A small threadlike structure that can develop into a gametophyte plant is called what? | protonema |
| What are the spore producing structures on ferns called? | sori |
| What is the tiny heart shaped gametophyte of a fern called? | prothallus |
| A spore produced by the female, developing into a female gametophyte is called what? | megaspore |
| A spore produced by the male, developing into a male gametophyte is called what? | microspore |
| When 4 megaspores are produced, how many survive and develop into female gametophytes? | 1 |
| How many cells does a pollen grain consist of? | 4 |
| How long does it take the pollen grain to develop and grow into the ovule? | 1 year |
| How many sperm does each pollen grain produce? | 2 |
| What does the outer layer of the ovule form as the embryo develops? | seed coat |
| Flowers that have all 4 organs. | complete |
| Flowers that are missing one organ. | incomplete |
| Flowers that have both stamens and pistils. | perfect |
| Flowers that have just a stamen or pistil. | imperfect |
| What kind of flower has petals that are in multiples of 3? | monocot |
| What kind of flower has petals that are in multiples of 4 or 5? | dicot |
| What kind of photoperiodism is it when the # of dark hrs. > critical period? | short day |
| What kind of photoperiodism is it when the # of dark hrs. < critical period | long day |
| What kind of photoperiodism is it when the # of dark hrs. in between (just right)? | intermediate day |
| What kind of photoperiodism is it when the # of dark hrs. does not matter | day neutral |
| The tissue that nourishes the embryo. | endosperm |
| The outside layers of the ovule eventually form what structure? | seed coat |
| Fruits form from what structure? | ovary |
| When an embryo starts to grow, it is called this. | germination |
| The first part of the embryo to appear outside the seed. | radicle |
| The first part of the embryo to appear above the soil. | hypocotyls |
| What type of fruits are apples, peaches, grapes, & pumpkins? | simple fleshy |
| What type of fruits are strawberries, blackberries, raspberries? | aggregate |
| What type of fruits are figs, pineapple, mulberries? | multiple |
| What type of fruits are nuts, pods & grains? | dry |
| Underground stem that supports fronds. | rhizome |
| First cell of sporophyte generation. | zygote |
| Structures that produce sperm. | antheridia |
| Tiny, heart shaped gametophyte structure. | prothallus |
| Structures that produce spores. | sori |
| Plant that produces both male & female spores. | heterosporous |
| Cells in the sporangia of pollen (male) form these. | microspores |
| Cells in the ovule form these. | megaspores |
| Opening in an ovule. | micropyle |
| Two nuclei in the center of a cell. | polar nuclei |
| Process in which one sperm fertilizes the egg & second sperm joins with polar nuclei. | double fertilization |
| Food storing tissue that supports and helps nourish the embryo inside the seed. | endosperm |
| Period of inactivity that can occur in seeds. | dormancy |
| When an embryo starts to grow into a new plant. | germination |
| Type of cell formed when one sperm joins with the 2 polar nuclei. | triploid |
| This fruit is dry when mature. | dry |
| This fruit contains one or more seeds. | simple fleshy |
| This fruit forms from many flowers that fuse as the fruits ripen. | multiple |
| This fruit forms from flowers with multiple female organs that fuse as fruits ripen. | aggregate |
| Male reproductive organ in plants. | stamen |
| Female reproductive organ in plants. | pistil |
| Tip of male reproductive organ in plants. | anther |
| Stalk of male reproductive organ in plants. | filament |
| Tip of female reproductive organ in plants. | stigma |
| Middle part of female reproductive organ in plants. | style |
| Round, bottom part of female reproductive organ. | ovary |
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