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review semester test
biology II ST
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| classification | grouping of organisms or objects based on a set of criteria that helps organize, communicate, and retain information |
| taxonomy | branch of biology that identifies, names, and classifies species based on their natural relationships |
| phylogeny | evolutionary history of a species |
| binary fission | asexual form of reproduction used by some prokaryotes in which a cell divided into two genetically identical cells |
| conjugation | form of reproduction used by some prokaryotes in which the prokaryotic cells attach to each other and exchange genetic material |
| lytic cycle | viral replication process in which genetic material of the virus enters the host cell's cytoplasm, the cell replicates the viral DNA or RNA and the host cell is instructed to manufacture capsids and assemble new viral particles which then leave the cell |
| lysogenic cycle | viral replication process in which viral DNA inserts into the host cell's chromosome, may remain dormant and later activate and instruct the host cell to produce more viruses |
| retrovirus | aids virus |
| protozoan | heterotrphic, unicellular, animal- like protists |
| alternation of generation | reproductive life cycle that alternates between a diploid (2n) sporophyte generation and a haploid (n) a gamerophyte generation |
| chitin | tough flexible polysaccharide in the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans and in fungal cell walls |
| hypha | threadlike filament that makes up the basic structural unit of multicellular fungus |
| mycelium | complex, netlike mass made up of branching hyphae |
| spore | reproductie haploid (n) cell with a hard outer shell that forms a new organism without the fusion of gametes and is produced in the asexual and sexual life cycles of most fungi and some other organisms |
| vascular tissue | specialized tissue that transports water, food, and other substances in vascular plants and can also provide structure and support |
| cotyledons | seed structure that stores food or helps absorb food for the sporophyte of vascular seed plants |
| stomata | openings in the outer cell layer of leaf surfaces and some stems that allow exchange of water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and other gases between a plant and its envirnment |
| tropisms | response to an external stimulus in a specific direction |
| guard cell | one pair of cells that function in the opening and closing of a plant's stomata by changes in their shape |
| transpiration | process in which water evaporates from the inside of leaves to the outside through stomata |
Created by:
Emmelee
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