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1st Sem. Test Review
Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Classification | grouping of organisms or objects based on a set of criteria that helps organize, communicate, and retain information. |
| Taxonomy | branch of biology that identifies, names and classifies species based on their natural relationships |
| Phylogeny | evolutionary history of a species |
| Bionary Fission | asexual form of reproduction used by some prokaryotes in which a cell divides into two genetically identical cells. |
| Conjunctions | form of reproduction used by some prokaryotes in which the prokaryotic cells attach to each other and exchange genetic material |
| Lytic Cycle | viral replication process in which genetic material of the viraus enters the host cell's cytoplasm, the cell replicates the viral DNA or RNA, and the host cell is instructed to manufacture capsids and assemble new viral particles which then leave the cell |
| Lysogenic Cycle | viral replication process in which viral DNA inserts into the host cell's chromosome, may remain dormant and later activate and instruct the host cell to produce more viruses |
| Retrovirus | RNA virus, such as HIV, with reverse transcriptase in its core |
| Protozoan | heterotrophic, unicellular, animal-like protist |
| Alternation and Generation | reproductive life cycle that alternates between a diploid (2n) sporophyte generation and a haploid (n) gametophyte generation |
| Chitin | tough, flexible polysaccharide in the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans and in fungal cell walls |
| Hypha | threadlike filament that makes up the basic structural unit of a multicellular fungus |
| Mycelium | complex, netlike mass made up of branching hyphae |
| Spore | reproductive haploid cell (n) cell with a hard outer shell that forms a new organism without the fusion of gametes and is produced in the asexual and sexual life cycle of most fungi and some other organisms |
| Vascular Tissue | specialized tissue that transports water, food, and other substances in vascular plants and can also provide structure and support |
| Cotyledons | seed structure that stores food or helps absorb food for the sporophyte of vascular seed plants |
| Stomata | openings in the outer cell layer of leaf surfaces and some stems that allow the exchange of water, carbon dioxide, oxygen,and other gases between a plant and its environment |
| Tropisms | response to an external stimulus in a specific direction |
| Guard cells | one pair of cells that function in the opening and closing of a plant's stomata by changes in their shape |
| Transpirations | process in which water evaporates form the inside of leaves to the outside through stomata |
Created by:
hannahworrell
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