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Biology Test
Biology Test Chapter 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Prokaryote | They are generally smaller and simpler. They have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus |
| Eukaryote | Generally larger and more complex. They contain a nucleus in which their genetic material is seperated from the rest of the cell |
| Cell Theory | All living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from exisiting cells |
| Cell | The basic untis of life |
| Organelle | They act as if they are specilized organs |
| Cytoplasm | Is the portion of the cell outside the nucleus |
| Lipid Bilayer | The composion of nearly all cell membranes is a double layered sheet |
| Diffusion | The particles tend to move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| Equilibrium | when the concentration of a solute is the same throughout the solution |
| Osmosis | The diffusion of water through a selectively premeable membrane |
| Facilitated Diffusion | The movement of specific molecules across the cell membrane through protein channels |
| Active Transport | Energy- Requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane |
| Hypotonic Solution | The solution with less concentration of solutes |
| Hypertonic Solution | The solution with the greater concentration of solutes |
| Isotonic Solution | When the concentration of two solutions is the same |
| Endocytosis | Process by which a cell takes material into the cell by infolding of the cell membrane |
| Phagocytosis | Process by which extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles and take them into the cell |
| Pinocytosis | Process by which a cell takes in liquid from the surrounding environment |
| Exocytosis | Process by which a cell releases large amounts of material |
| Compare and Contrast Eukaryote and Prokaryote | Eukaryotes: organism who's cells contain a nuclei. Prokaryotes: Unicellular organism lacking a nucleus |
| 3 principles of the cell theory | All living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells. |
| Describe the structure and functions of the cell membrane | It regulates what enters and leaves the cell also provides protection and support |
| Why does Active Transport require energy? | Because any activity requires energy |
| How is ficilitated diffusion different from diffusion? | Facilitated diffusion is the movement of specific molecules across the cell membrane through protein channels. |
| How do facilitated diffusion and active transport differ? | Active Transport is an energy required process that moves materials across a cell membrane. Facilitated Diffusion is the movement of specific materials through protein channels across the cell membrane |
| Cell Wall and Vacuole function | Provide support and proteins for the cell. A vacuole stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates |
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