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ch. 3 ecology bio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is ecology? | scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment. |
| what are the levels of organization? | organism,population,community,ecosystem and biosphere. |
| what is a biome? | group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities. |
| what is a species? | group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring. |
| what is a autotroph//producer? | Organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds;also called producer |
| what is photosynthesis? | process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches |
| what is chemosynthesis? | process by which some organisms such as certain bacteria, use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates. |
| what is a heterotroph/consumer? | organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply. |
| what is a herbivore? | organism that obtains energy by only eating plants. |
| what is a carnivore? | organism that obtains energy by eating animals. |
| what is a omnivore? | organism that obtains energy by eating both plants and animals. |
| what is a detritivore? | organism that feeds on plant and animal remains and other dead matter |
| what is a decomposer? | organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter |
| what is a food chain? | series of steps in a ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten. |
| what is a food web? | network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem. |
| what is cellular respiration? | process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen |
| what is trophic level? | step in a food chain or web |
| what is a ecological pyramid? | diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter within each trophic level in a food chain or web |
| what is a biogeochemical cycle? | process in which elements,chemical compounds and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another. |
| what is limiting nutrient? | single nutrient that either is scarce or cycles very slowly,limiting the growth of organisms in an ecosystem. |
| what is algal bloom? | an immediate increase in the amount of algae and other producers that results from a large input of a limiting nutrient. |
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15_srallo
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