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Botany
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What food is originally from the Near East? | Wheat, Barley, Peas, Chickpeas, Lintils and Figs |
| What food is originally from China? | Rice, Soybeans, Mulberries, Oranges and Hemp |
| What food is originally from Southeast Asia/ New Guinea? | Bananas, Coconuts, Sugar Cane, and Taro |
| What food is originally from Africa? | Sorghum and Coffee |
| What food is originally from the Americas? | Corn, Beans, Peppers, Cotton, Potatoes, and Sunflower |
| Why would a dry climate be favorable for the development of agriculture and civilization? | Dry climate makes it easy to store food with out it rotting. |
| What are some common legumes? | beans, peas, peanuts, soybeans, lentils, alfalfa and clover |
| Important Terpenes | Carotenes, Citronella, Pyrethrum, Rubber and Taxol |
| Important Phenolics | Tannins, Capsaicin, Lignin, Quercitin, Vanillin, Anthoocyanins |
| Capsaicin | Phenolics, flavor in chili peppers, irritates mucus membranes of mammels |
| Alkaloids | affect the nervous system of animals and have important medicinal properties |
| Important Alkaloids | Caffeine, Nicotine, Theobromine, Quinine, Reserpine |
| What is the Alkaloid found in Chocolate? | Theobromine |
| What is a Alkaloid used to treat malaria? | Quinine |
| Important Psycoactive Alkaloids | Cocaine, Opium, Morphine, Codeine |
| What are the six different kingdoms? | Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Eubacteria, Archaebacteria |
| Characteristics of Prokaryotes | Cell size small, Simple cell structure, Ribosomes |
| What are the three shapes of Prokaryotic Cells? | Bacilli, Cocci, and Spirilli |
| Gram Staining turns purple when... | the cells are rich in peptidoglycan |
| Gram Staining turns pink when... | The cells are poor in peptidoglycan |
| Gram staining is useful for... | assessing effects of antibiotics such as penicillum |
| What is the most common mode of reproduction in prokaryotes? | Binary fission |
| What is binary fission? | When the chromosomes are copied and the cell splits |
| What are the three forms of DNA swapping in prokaryotes? | Transformation, Transduction and Conjugation |
| What are some functions of prokaryotes? | Dairy industry, antibiotics, vitamins, decomposition, nitrogen fixation |
| What is nitrogen fixation? | the conversion of nitrogen gas into ammonia and ammonia compounds |
| What is the specialized cell for nitrogen fixation? | Heterocyst |
| What are the principal components of the cell wall? | cellulose, hemicellulose, legnin and pectin |
| What is Plasmolysis? | Shrinkage of the cytoplasm |
| All cells prokaryotic and eukaryotic have what in common? | cell membrane, cytoplasm and ribosomes |
| Fungi differ from true plants in what 3 ways? | Heterotrophic, cell walls made of chitin and cells are often multinucleate |
| Septate Fungi | crosswalls divide the mycelium into distinct cells in Septate Fungi |
| Which algae has the most complex life cycle? | Red Algea |
| Crustose Lichens | form a thin, flat layer on rocks or bark |
| Foliose Lichens | have a flattened but leaf like appearance |
| Fruitcose Lichens | much branched almost shrubby in appearance |
| What is the dominant plant group on earth today? | Angiosperms |
| Angiosperms exhibit what growth forms? | all growth forms |
| What is the dominant generation in Angiosperms? | Sporophyte generation |
| What are the male parts of the flowers? | Stamens, anther, filament, |
| What are the female parts of the flower? | Pistils, ovary, style and stigma |
| Perfect Flowers have... | parts of both the male and female |
| Imperfect Flowers have... | parts of only one sex |
| The Pistil is made up of what parts? | Ovary stigma and style |
| What are the Vegatative organs | the non reproductive organs, stem, root, and leaves |
| What are the reproductive organs? | Flower, Fruit, Seed |
| What is Cohesion-Tension Theory? | Mechanism that accounts for water movement in the xylem |
| What is Transpiration? | The evaporation of water from the surface of a plant through the stomata. |
| Xylem transports... | Water and dissolved minerals |
| Phloem transports... | organic materials |
| What is Lignin? | Makes wood tough and waterproof. Reinforces, strengthens and waterproofs the walls of tracheids and vessel elements. |
| Phloem Transports organic molecules using what mechanism? | Mass-Flow |
| How does Phloem transport material from the leaves to the roots? | Source Sink |
| What is a Vascular Cambium? | Produces secondary xylem inward and secondary phloem outward |
| Cork Cambium produces what kind of cells? | Cork cells |
| Palms lack what tissue that makes them thin? | Lateral Meristem, Secondary Xylem and Vascular Cambian |
| Node | Point of a stem where the leaf is attached |
| Axillary Bud | |
| Regulation of Transpiration | Plants can regulate the opening of their stomata in response to water, light, temperature and CO2 |
| Xerophytes | Plants that live in a dry enviroment |
| Mesophytes | Plants that live in a intermidiate enviroment |
| Hydrophytes | Plants that are adapted to life in water |
| What are the functions of stems? | Production of new tissue, support, transport, storage |
| What is responsible for the increase in length? | Apical Meristems |
| What is responsible for the increase in width? | Lateral Meristem |
| What are the characteristics of Parenchyma tissue? | thin cell walls, loosely packed cells, alive at maturity |
| What are the characteristics of Sclerenchyma cells? | cell walls thick, cells dead a maturity |
| What is the function of Sclerenchyma? | Supporting tissue |
| What are examples of Abiotic Factors? | Temperature, Moisture Availability, Nutrients in the soil |
| What is the definition of population? | Groups of interbreeding individuals occuring in the same place at the same time. |
| What is a habitat? | the portion of the enviroment where a population lives |
| What is a ecological niche? | the role of a population in the ecosystem |
Created by:
wildhorses0705
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