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Ecology

Chapter 3

QuestionAnswer
Ecology Scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment or surroundings
Levels of Organization Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere
Biome Contains the combined portions of the planet in which all of life exists, including land, water, and air or atmosphere
Species A group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring
Autotroph/Producer Is an organism that makes its own food
Photosynthesis When Autotrophs use light energy to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen
Chemosynthesis When an organism uses chemical energy to produce carbohydrates
Heterotroph/Consumer Organism that rely on other organisms for their energy and food supply
Herbivore Eat plants
Carnivore Eat animals
Omnivore Eat plants and animals
Detritivore Eat plant and animal remains and other dead matter
Decomposer Break down organic matter
Food chain A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by being eaten and eating
Food Web When the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem form a network of complex interactions
Trophic Level Each step in a food chain or food web
Ecological Pyramid Shows amounts of energy and trophic levels
Biogeochemical Cycle Cycles connect
Limiting Nutrient When an ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient that is scarce or cycles very slowly
Algal Bloom When an aquatic ecosystem receives a large input of a limiting nutrient the result is often an immediate increase in the amount of Algae
Created by: 15_JSummers
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