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Biology Ch. 3 Vocab.
Ecology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecology | is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment, or surroundings |
| Levels of Organization | organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome,biosphere |
| Biome | a group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominant communities |
| Species | a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring |
| Autotroph (producer) | organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer- an organism that makes its own food |
| Photosynthesis | changes light energy to stored chemical energy |
| Chemosynthesis | when organism use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates |
| Heterotroph (consumer) | organisms that rely organisms for their energy and food supply |
| Herbivore | eat plants |
| Carnivore | eat animals that ate plants |
| Omnivore | eat both plants and animals |
| Detritivore | eats plants and animal remains and other dead matter, collectively called detritus |
| Decomposer | break down organic matter |
| Food Chain | a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten |
| Food Web | the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem form a network of complex interactions; links all the food chains in an ecosystem together |
| Cellular Respiration | process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen |
| Trophic Level | each step in a food chain or food web |
| Ecological Pyramid | diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter within each trophic level in a food chain or food web |
| Biogeochemical cycle | elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another through these cycles |
| Limiting Nutrient | when an ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient that is scarce or cycles very slowly |
| Algal Bloom | when an aquatic ecosystem receives a large input of a limiting nutrient the result is often an immediate increase in the amount off algae and other producers |
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15_ILiuzza
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