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Chap 9 Esthetics
Basics of Nutrition
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| adenosine triphosphate | ATP;the substance that provides energy to cells and converts oxygen to carbon dioxide |
| amino acid | organic acids that form the building blocks of protein |
| arteriosclerosis | clogging and hardening of the arteries |
| B vitamins | these water-soluble vitamins interact with other water-soluble vitamins and act as coenzymes (catalysts)by facilitating enzymatic reactions, B vitamins include niacin, riboflavin, thiamine, pyridoxine, folacin, biotin, cobalamine and pantothenic acid |
| bioflavinoids | biologically active flavonoids; Vitamin P; found in citrus fruits |
| calories | a measure of heat units; measures food energy for the body |
| carbohydrates | compounds that bread down the basic chemical sugars and supply energy for the body |
| cholesterol | a waxy substance found in body needed to produce hormones, Vit D and bile; protects nerves for the strucure of cells |
| complementary foods | combinations of two incomplete foods;eaten together provide the essential amino acids and make a complete protein |
| disacharides | sugars made up of two simple sugars such as lactose and sucrose |
| enzymes | catalysts that break down complex food molecules to utilize extracted energy |
| fats | "aka" lipids; macronutrients used to produce energy in the body;lubricates skin |
| fortified | a vitamin has been added to a food product |
| glycosaminoglycans | a water-binding substance between the fibers of the dermis |
| hypoglycemia | blood sugar drops too low; caused by too much insulin or food intake |
| linoleic acid- | Omega 6, essential fatty acid used to make hormones; a part of the skin's lipid barrier |
| macronutrients | nutrients that make up the largest part of the nutrition we take in; protein, carbs and fats |
| micronutrients | vitamins and substances that have no calories or nutritional value, essential for body functions |
| minerals | inorganic materials required for many reactions of the cells and body |
| monosaccharides | carbs made up of one basic sugar unit |
| nonessential amino acids | amino acids that can be synthesized by the body and do not have to be obtained from diet |
| omega-3 fatty acids | alpha=linoleic acid; a good polyunsaturated fat that may decrease cardiovascular diseases. anti-inflammatory |
| osteoporosis | a thinning of bones;caused by reabsorption of calcium in the blood |
| polysaccharides | carbs that contain 3 or more simple carbohydrate molecules |
| proteins | chains of amino acid molecules used in all cell functions and body growth |
| retinoic acid | Retin-A, Vitamin A derivative; alters collagen synthesis, treats acne and aging |
| tretinoin | transretinoic acid,Vit A derivitive, used for collagen synthesis, hyperpigmentation, and for acne |
| Vitamin A | also known as retinol; antioxidant that aids in the functioning and repair of skin cells |
| Vitamin C | ascorbic acid- antioxidant vitamin needed for proper repair of the skin and tissues;promotes the production of collagen in the skin's dermal tissues; aids in and promotes the skin's healing process |
| Vitamin D | fat-soluble vitamin sometimes called the sunshine vitamin; skin synthesizes Vit D from cholesterol when exposed to sunlight |
| Vitamin E | tocopherol; primarily an antioxidant; helps protect the skin form harmful effects of sun's rays |
| Vitamin K | vitamin responsible for the synthesis of factors necessary for blood coagulation |
| Iron | used in the production of hemoglobin and oxygenation of red blood cells, it is essential for enzymes and immune system |
| Iodine | helps metabolize excess fat, important in development of thyroid health |
| zinc | important for protein synthesis and collagen formation, it promotes wound healing and helps with immune system |
| Copper | aids in formation of bone, hemoglobin, cells and elastin, involved in healing, energy and essential for collagen formation |
| chromium | helps with energy and metabolism of glucose and aids in synthesizing fats and proteins, also stabilized blood sugar levels |
| fluoride | needed for healthy teeth and bone formation |
| selenium | vital antioxidant protecting the immune system, it works with Vitamin E to produce antibodies to maintain a healthy heart, also needed for tissue elasticity |
| manganese | assists protein and fat metabolism, promotes healthy nerves and supports immune system function, aids in energy and bone growth |
Created by:
Dcallegan
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