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Biology
WCHS Biology Chapter 7
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cells | The basic units of living |
| Compound Light Microscopes | Use a series of lenses to magnify objects in steps |
| Cell Theory | Made up of three main ideas: 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization of organisms. 3. all cells come from preexisting cells. |
| Electron Microscope | Uses a beam of elctrons instead of light to magnify structures up to 500,000 times their actual size |
| Organelles | Membrane-bound structures with particular functions within eukaryotic cells |
| Prokaryotes | A cell that is not membrane bound |
| Eukaryotes | Cells that are membrane bound |
| Nucleus | The central membrane bound organelle that manages or controls cellular functions |
| Plasma Membrane | The flexible boundary between the cell and its environment |
| Selective Permeability | A process in which a membrane allows some molecules to palss through while keeping others out |
| Phospholipid | Is made up of a glycerold backbone, two fatty acid chains, and a phosphate group |
| Fluid mosaic model | The model of the plasma membrane |
| Transport Proteins | Move needed substances or waste materials through the plasma membrane |
| Cell wall | A fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane that provides additional support and protection |
| Chromatin | Strands of the genetic material, DNA |
| Nucleolus | Makes ribosomes |
| Ribosomes | The sites where the cell produces proteins according to the directions of DNA |
| Cytoplasm | The Clear, gelatinous fluid inside a cell |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | The site of cellular chemical reactions |
| Golgi apparatus | A flattened stack of tubular membranes that modifies the proteins |
| Vacuoles | Membrane-bound compartments for temporary storage of materials |
| Lysosomes | Organelles that contains digestive enzymes |
| Chloroplasts | Cell organelles that capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy |
| Plastids | A group of plant organelles used for storage |
| Chlorophyll | Traps light energy and gives leaves and stems their green color |
| Mitochondria | Membrane-bound organelles in plan and animal cells that transform energy for the cell |
| Microtubules | Thin, hollow cylinders made of protein |
| Microfilaments | Small, solid protein fibers |
| Cilia | Short, numerous projections that look like hairs |
| Flagella | Long projections that move with a whip-like motion |
| Cytoskeleton | A support structure within the cytoplasm |
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dmoudy
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