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Ch.11 Genetics

QuestionAnswer
Scientific study of heredity Genetics
Process during sexual reproduction in which male and female sex cells join Fertilization
Organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate True-breeding
Specific characteristic Trait
Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits Hybrids
Chemical factors that determine traits Genes
Different forms of a gene Alleles
Separation of alleles Segregation
Sex cells Gametes
Likelihood that a particular event will occur Probability
Diagram used to show what gene combinations may result from a genetic cross Punnett square
Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait Homozygous
Organisms that have two different alleles for the same trait Heterozygous
Physical characteristics of an organism Phenotype
Genetic makeup of organisms Genotype
Process in which two genes segregate independently Independent assortment
Situations in which the alleles mix Incomplete dominance
Situations that show both alleles, but no allele is dominant over another Codominance
Gene with more than two alleles Multiple alleles
Traits controlled by two or more genes Polygenic traits
Each of the 4 chromosomes that came from the male parent has a corresponding chromosome from the female parent Homologous
Containing two sets of chromosomes Diploid
Cintaining one set of chromosomes Haploid
A process of reduction division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes Meiosis
Structure containing 4 chromatids Tetrad
Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids Crossing-over
shows the relative locations of genes on a chromosome Gene map
Created by: Hagi131096
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