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DNA, replication
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where is the DNA found in ? | In the chromosome, in a coil of proteins help together by the DNA double helix |
| How many autosomes are their in each chromosme ? | 22 |
| How many sex chromsomes are their ? | One pair of X and Y |
| What are the four types of mutations can the breakage of chromosomes cause ? | Deletion, inversion, translocation and duplication mutaion |
| deletion mutation | a segment of it breaks off |
| inversion mutation | a chromosome piece reattaches in a reverse orientation |
| translocation mutation | a piece reattaches to a nonhomologous chromosome |
| duplication mutation | a segment reattches to its homologous chromosome, causing in two sets of a copyed gene |
| What is the shape of DNA ? | The DNA double helix strand |
| What is the Double helix strand made of ? | hydrogen bounds between nitrogen bonds, sugar and phospate |
| What is a gene ? | it is a segment of a DNA , a sequence of nucletoides that codes for a functional product usally a protein |
| What is a genotype ? | a gentic compostion of an organism , represents the potential properties |
| What is a phenotype ? | The expressions of genes, what you see |
| What is disjuntcion ? | when the chromosmes seprate correctly |
| What is nondisjunction ? | when a chromosomes does not seprate correctly |
| What is a trisomy ? | when a chromsome fuses with a normal gamete |
| What is transcripiton? | the process which a molecule of DNA is copied to a complentary strand of RNA |
| How does DNA travel ? | DNA -> RNA -> to proteins outside of nucleous |
| The way DNA travels what 3 stages are they ? | Replication of DNA, transcription of RNA , and Translation of proteins |
| How does RNA differ from Dna ? | It has a ribose sugar, has uracil instead of thymine and its a singe stranded structure |
| How does transcription work ? | copies DNA to make a strand of RNA RNA polymerse and pther proteins form a transcription complex |
| When does thr RNA detach form the DNA ? | once the gene is transcribed |
| What are the 3 RNA transcrpiton can form ? | Mesenger RNA , Ribsolme RNA , Transfer RNA |
| Mesenger RNA ? | carries the message that will be made into a protein |
| Ribosomal Rna ? | forms part of the ribsomes where the proteins are formed |
| Transfer RNA ? | brings amiino acids from the cytoplasma to thr ribsome |
| What is teh diffrence of replication and transcription ? | Replication copies dna and transcription copies genes and replication makes one copy and transcription makes many copys |
| What are the base pairs ? | guanine and cytoseine adeinie and thymine |
| What is the first step in replication? | A DNA molucule unzips as the base pairs seprate replication begins on both sides |
| What is the secound step ? | each exsting strand of DNA is a match for a new strand new nucleotides pair up and DNA polymerase pairs them up |
| What is the thrid step ? | Two identical DNA strands are made it is semiconsertice becaus eit has some of te old and some of the new |
| What is the first step in transcription ? | A large trancrption complex is made and begins to unwind the DNA strand |
| What is the secound step ? | RNA polymerse used one strand of DNA as a template RNA nucletodes pair up G-C A-U |
| What is the thrid step ? | RNA is completed |
Created by:
BB2424
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