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COH-epidemiologyterm

Assessment in Community/epid. common epidemiology terms

QuestionAnswer
basic screening rapid assessment accomplished in short time by visual detection providing info about gross dental and oral lesions, can be accomplished w/ tongue blade, dental mirror4, appropriate lighting
calibration standardization of examiners as they apply epidemiologic measurements
determinants factors/events capable of bringing about change in health; various factors that make up multi-factorial approach to disease/health condition
endemic usual presence of disease in particular geographic region
epidemic occurrence of illness/condition in excess of normal expectancy in community/region, usually occurring suddenly and spreading rapidly
epidemiologic exam detailed visual-tactile assessment accomplished w/ dental instruments and light source in survey, provides more detailed info than basic screening, differs from clinical exam b/c doesn't have clinical diagnosis and resulting tx plan
epidemiology study of frequency and distribution of disease, disability, and death in pop. including nature, cause, control and determinants of health and disease, related factors
eradication elimination of infectious disease agent through surveillance and containment, contrasted to control, keeps disease at minimum level so no longer poses health problem
incidence rate of new cases of disease during/over given time period
interexaminer reliability agreement among two of more examiners as they apply index/instrument over time
intraexaminer reliability consistency of single examiner in application of index/instrument over times
mobidity extent of disease,injury,disability in defined population
mortality death rate resulting from specific disease/condition
mutlifactorial concept that more than single cause must be present for disease/health condition to occur; multiple causation
pandemic epidemic in which disease may cross international borders to affect several countries/continents
positive reversal change of measurement made in error in logical direction
predictive value ability of diagnostic test measure presence and absence of disease
pandemic epidemic in which disease may cross international borders to affect several countries/continents
specificity ability of a test to accurately identify the absence of disease/condition
positive reversal change of measurement made in error in logical direction
predictive value ability of diagnostic test measure presence and absence of disease
prevalence numerical expression of # of all existing cases of disease/health condition in pop. measured at given point/period of time
specificity ability of a test to accurately identify the absence of disease/condition
surveillance ongoing observation, assessing changes in populations related to disease, conditions, injuries, disabilities, death trends
trend long-term changes/movements in disease patterns and health-related conditions identified by examining surveillance data
validity accuracy of measurement produced by measuring what is supposed to be measured
case study to conduct in-depth report on single person, group, event, situation
Cohort(longitudinal) to study same population over extended period of time
cross-sectional to study cross-section of population in limited period of time
experimental (prospective) to investigate case and effect relationship, involves manipulation of variables
etiology causation for disease/condition
Created by: 100000001783325
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