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BJU Life Science 20
Bob Jones Life Science - Chapter 20
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| homeostasis | The internal balance or "steady state" that an organism must maintain. |
| erythrocyte | A red blood cell that functions primarily to transport oxygen |
| hemoglobin | The red pigment found in red blood cells that transports oxygen and some carbon dioxide |
| leukocyte | A white blood cell that functions primarily in the body's immune system |
| antibody | A protein the body produces to eliminate invading antigens, such as bacteria and viruses |
| platelet | A cell fragment found in the blood that is involved in the formation of blood clots |
| blood plasma | The fluid portion of the blood |
| artery | A vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
| capillary | One of many tiny blood vessels where diffusion of nutrients and exchange of gases between the blood and other body tissues take place |
| vein | In plants, a structure containing vascular tissues in leaf blades; in animals and humans, a vessel that carries blood toward the heart |
| heart | A muscular organ that pumps blood |
| atrium | An upper heart chamber that receives blood from the lungs or the body |
| ventricle | A lower heart chamber that pumps blood into the arteries |
| atrioventricular valve (AV valve) | A one-way valve that separates an atrium from a ventricle in the heart and prevents the back flow of blood into the atrium |
| semilunar valve | A structure in the heart that allows the blood to leave a ventricle but prevents it from returning |
| aorta | The largest artery in the body carries blood from the left ventricle of the heart to smaller arteries in the body |
| pulse | The rhythmic expansion of the arteries caused by the pumping of the heart |
| blood pressure | The pressure of the blood against the walls of the arteries |
| inflammation | The reaction of tissues to injury or infection that is characterized by swelling, redness, and increased temperature |
| anitgen | A molecule that a macrophage recognizes as not belonging in the body, triggering an immune system reaction |
| immune system | The body system that produces special chemicals and blood cells to fight specific pathogens |
| allergy | The overreaction of the immune system to a foreign substance that is normally not a pathogen |
| kidney | An organ found in most vertebrates that filters wastes from the blood |
| ureter | A tube that carries urine from a kidney to the urinary bladder |
| urinary bladder | An organ that temporarily stores the fluid wastes (urine) from a kidney |
| urethra | The tube that carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
| nephron | A microscopic unit that filters blood in a kidney |
| urine | A fluid that contains wastes from the blood and is passed out of the body |
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marchscience
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