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Biology Vocab 11-16

mitosis and meiosis

termdefinition
anaphase a phase of mitosis and meiosis in which the chromosomes seperate
centromere a region of the chromosome where the two sister chromatids are held together and which is the site of attachment of the chromosome to the spindle fibers during mitosis
crossing-over the exchange of genes by reciprocal segments of homologous chromosomes during meiosis
cytokinesis the division of the cytoplasm of the one cell into two new cells
gamete a reproductive cell
interphase a period of cell growth and development that precedes eukaryotic cell nuclear division
oogenesis the production of mature egg cells
prophase the first stage of mitosis and meiosis, characterized by conddensation of chromosomes
spermatogenesis the production of sperm cells
telophase the final stage of mitosis during which a nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes
autosome a chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
chromatid one of two identical parts of a chromosome
diploid a cell that contains both chromosomes of a homogenious pair
haploid having only one chromosome of each homogeniuos pair
homologous one of a pair of morphologically similar chromosomes
sex chromosomes a chromosome that determines sex
binary fission an asexual cell division of prokaryotes that produces identical offspring
cell cycle the events of cell division; includes interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis
cell plate a membrane that divides newly forming plant cells following mitosis
centrosome a dark body containing a centriole in animal cells but not in plant cells; spindle fibers radiate from the centrosome in prep. for mitosis
G1 phase the first period of interphase, in which the cell doubles in size
G2 phase the final period of interphase, in which the cell undergoes rapid growth and prepares mitosis
meiosis the process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell by half
mitosis eukaryotic nuclear division
S phase the second period of interphase during which replication of DNA occurs
Asexual Reproduction the production of offspring that does not involve the union of gametes
Created by: koolshanana12
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