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Biology

Chapter 10 Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Binary Fission Asexual reproduction by division of one cell or body into two equal or nearly equal parts.
Mitosis Somatic cell division; nuclear division in which the duplicated chromosomes separate to form two genetically identical daughter nuclei.
Karyotype The morphology of the chromosomes of an organism as viewed with a light microscope.
Haploid Having only one set of chromosomes
Diploid Having two sets of chromosomes
Homologous pair refers to a pair of the same kind of chromosome in a diploid cell
Sister Chromatid One of two identical copies of each chromosome, still linked at the centromere, produced ass the chromosomes duplicate for mitotic division; similarly, one of two identical copies of each homologous chromosome present in a tetrad at meiosis.
Cell cycle The repeating sequence of growth and division through which cells pass each generation.
Centromere A visible point of constriction on a chromosome that contains repeated DNA sequences that bind specific proteins. These proteins make up the kinetochore to which microtubules attach during cell division.
Tumor Suppressor Gene A gene that normally functions to inhibit cell division; mutated forms can lead to the unrestrained cell division of cancer, but only when both copies of the gene are mutant.
Proto-oncogenes A normal cellular gene that can act as an oncogene when mutated..
Created by: Caitlin_stafford
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