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Heredity Vocab.
Vocabulary words for Heredity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sexual Reproduction | a cell containing genetic info from the mother and a cell containing genetic info. from the father combine into a completely new cell, which becomes the offspring. |
| Gene | a unit of heredity that occupies a specific location on a chromosome and codes for a particular product. |
| Heredity | the passing of genes from parents to offspring. |
| Alleles | the various forms of the same gene an organism has. |
| Phenotype | describes the actual characteristics that can be observed. |
| Genotype | the name for the gene an organism has. |
| Dominant Alleles | one that is ecpressed in the phenotype even if only one copy is prensent in the genotype. |
| Recessive Alleles | one that is ecpressed in the phenotype only when two copies of it are present on the homologs |
| Homologuos Chromosomes (homologs) | chromosome pairs of approximatly same length. |
| Punnet Square | a tool for understanding patterns of heredity |
| Ratio | compares (shows) the relationship between two quantities |
| Probability | teh likelihood or chance of a specific outcome in relation to the total number of outcomes |
| Percent | a ratio that compares a number to 100 |
| Gametes | cells that contain half teh usual number of chromosomes- one chromosome from each pair |
| Egg | a gamete that forms in teh reproductive organ of a female |
| Fertilization | the process that tales place when a sperm and an egg combine to form one new cell |
| Meiosis | a special kind of cell division that produces haploid (1n) cells-(cells that contain one complete set of chromoses |
| Replication | the process in which DNA is copied before i condenses into chromosomes, takes place before a cell divides |
| RNA | ribonucliec acid, carries info from DNA to a ribosome, where amino acids are brought together to form a protien |
| Mutation | any change in DNA |
| Pedigree | a diagram of family relationships that include two or more generations |
| Selective Breeding | the process of selecting and breeding organisms to pass on particular traits to the offspring |
| Genetic Engineering | th process in which a sequece of DNA from an organism is first isolated. the inserted into the DNA of another organisms, this changes the organism's DNA |
| Genome | all the genetic material in an organism |
| Cloning | a technique that uses technology to make copies |
Created by:
savannahw
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