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Ch. 10 Vocabulary p1
Part 1 of Chapter 10 Vocabulary for Sexual/Asexual Reproduction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell Cycle | the process of cellular reproduction that occurs in three main stages- interphase (growth), mitosis (nuclear division), and cytokinesis (cytoplasm division) |
| Interphase | the first stage of the cell cycle, during which a cell grows, matures, and replicates its DNA |
| Prophase | the first stage of mitosis, during which the cell’s chromatin condenses into chromosomes |
| Metaphase | the second stage of mitosis in which motor proteins pull sister chromatids to the cells equator |
| Anaphase | the third stage of mitosis in which sister chromatids are pulled apart and microtubules, along with motor proteins, move the chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell |
| Telophase | the last stage of mitosis in which nucleoli reappear. Two new nuclear membranes begin to form, but the cell has not yet completely divided. |
| Cytokinesis | the third main stage of the cell cycle, during which the cell’s cytoplasm divides, creating a new cell |
| Cross over | the exchange of chromosomal segments between a pair of homologous chromosomes during prophase 1 of meiosis |
| Mitosis | the second main stage of the cell cycle during which the cells replicated DNA divides and two genetically identical diploid daughter cells are produced |
| Meiosis | reduction division process, occurring only in reproductive cells, in which 1 diploid cell produces 4 haploid cells that are not genetically identical |
| Homologous Chromosomes | one of two paired chromosomes, one from each parent, that carries genes for a specific trait at the same location |
| Chromatid | The condensed form of DNA in the nucleus of the cell |