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MooreS

Bio Vocab Unit 3 Wk 12/13; Test Nov. 16

Bio Vocab.Def.OrigionPre./MeaningRoot/MeaningSuf./MeaningAlt. Words
replication the action or process of reproducing or duplicating Lt N/A replicare /to repeat, reply N/A replicated, replicate, replica, replicating
codon a specific sequence of three consecutive nucleotides that is part of the genetic code and that specifies a particular amino acid in a protein or starts or stops protein synthesis —called also triplet Lt N/A codex /trunk of a tree -on/ basic hereditary component codoned, codonen, codoning, codonish
transcription the process of constructing a messenger RNA molecule using a DNA molecule as a template with resulting transfer of genetic information to the messenger RNA Lt trans-/ over scribere/ write N/A transcriptional, transcriptionally, transcriptioned, transcriptioning
translation the process of forming a protein molecule at a ribosomal site of protein synthesis from information contained in messenger RNA Lt trans-/ over latus/ borne, carried N/A translational, translate, translative, translator
mutagen an agent (as a chemical or various radiations) that tends to increase the frequency or extent of mutation Lt N/A mutatus/ to change state or condition -gen/ producer mutagenic, mutagenically, mutably, mutagenesis
mutation relatively permanent change in hereditary material involving either a physical change in chromosome relations or a biochemical change in the codons that make up genes Lt N/A mutatus/ to change state or condition N/A mutational, mutationally, mutationist, mutative
carrier an individual (as one heterozygous for a recessive trait) having a specified gene that is not expressed or only weakly expressed in its phenotype Lt N/A carrum/ to transport N/A carrired, carrier-based, carrier pigeon, carrier wave
pedigree the origin and the history of something Lt N/A pedem/ foot; gruem/ crane N/A pedigreed, pedigreeing, pediment, pediform
karyotype the chromosomal characteristics of a cell; also : the chromosomes themselves or a representation of them Gk N/A karyon/ nut, kernel typos/ blow, impression, model karyotypic, karyotypically, karyotypical, karyotin
sex-linked trait an inherited characteristic via sex-specific genes Lt N/A trahere/ to pull, draw N/A sex-linked, sex-linkage, traipse, traitor
polygenic inheritance any of a group of nonallelic genes that collectively control the inheritance of a quantitative character or modify the expression of a qualitative character Gk poly-/ much N/A -genic/ produced by : formed from polygenesis, polygenetic, inheritor, inheritably
clone a group of replicas of all or part of a macromolecule and especially DNA Gk N/A klon/ a twig N/A cloning, cloned, clonic, clonal
genetic engineering the group of applied techniques of genetics and biotechnology used to cut up and join together genetic material and especially DNA from one or more species of organism and to introduce the result into an organism in order to change one or more of its char Gk N/A genea/ generation, race N/A genetical, genetically, engineer, engineership
human genome in humans, one haploid set of chromosomes with the genes they contain; broadly : the genetic material of an organism Lt N/A gen/ gene -om/ chromosome humane, humanity, genom, genomic
recombinant DNA genetically engineered DNA usually incorporating DNA from more than one species of organism Lt re/ back, again combinare/ to unite, yoke together N/A recombination, recombined, recombine, recomfort
transgenic organism an organism being or used to produce an organism or cell of one species into which one or more genes of another species have been incorporated Lt trans-/across, over, beyond N/A -genic/ produced by organismic, organismal, organismically, transgeneticaly
gene therapy the insertion of usually genetically altered genes into cells especially to replace defective genes in the treatment of genetic disorders or to provide a specialized disease-fighting function Gk N/A genea/ generation, race; therapeia/ curing, healing N/A therapies, genesis, therapeutic, therapist
Created by: Moore
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