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Biology Vocab ch 8
Biology Vobab ch 8
| Definitions | Vocab |
|---|---|
| a chromosome that is not a sex chromosome | autosome |
| one of two identical parts of a chromosome | chromatid |
| a region of the chromosome where the two sister chromatids are held together and which is the site of attachment of the chromosome to the spindle fibers during mitosis | centromere |
| a cell that contains both chromosomes of a homologous pair | diploid |
| a protein molecule that DNA wraps around during chromosome formation | histone |
| a picture of an individual's chromosomes | karyotype |
| a phase of mitosis and meiosis in which the chromosomes separate | anaphase |
| proteins that are generally involved in controlling the activity of specific regions of the DNA | nonhistone |
| proteins that are generally involved in controlling the activity of specific regions of the DNA | nonhistone |
| a chromosome that determines sex | sex chromosome |
| a phase of mitosis and meiosis in which the chromosomes separate | anaphase |
| a phase of mitosis and meiosis in which the chromosomes separate | anaphase |
| an asexual cell division of prokaryotes that produces identical offspring | binary fission |
| the events of cell division; includes interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis | cell cycle |
| a structure that appears during mitosis in animal cells | centriole |
| a dark body contains a centriole in animal cells but not in plant cells; spindle fibers radiate from the centrosome in preparation for mitosis | centrosome |
| the area of the cell membrane that pinches in and eventually separates the dividing cell | cleavage furrow |
| the division of the cytoplasm of one cell into two new cells | cytokinesis |
| a phase of the cell cycle in which the cell is not dividing and its DNA is not replicating | G0 phase |
| the first period of interphase, in which the cell doubles in size | G1 phase |
| a period of cell growth and development that precedes eukaryotic cell nuclear division | interphase |
| a disk-shaped protein found in the centromere region of a chromosome and attaches the chromosomes to the mitotic spindle | kinetochore |
| a spindle fiber that extends from the centrosome at one pole of the cell to a chromatid during mitosis | kinetochore fiber |
| a spindle fiber that extends from the centrosome at | kinetochore fiber |
| a period of cell growth and development that precedes eukaryotic cell nuclear division | meiosis |
| eukaryotic nuclear division | mitosis |