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Chapter 18
Section 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the circulation of substances through living organisms from or to the environment | biogeochemical cycle |
| the water that is beneath the Earth's surface | groundwater |
| the continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, the land, and the oceans | water cycle |
| the process by which plants release water vapor into the air through stomata; also the release of water vapor into the air by other organisms | transpiration |
| the movement of carbon from the nonliving environment into living things and back | carbon cycle |
| the process in which nitrogen circulates among the air, soil, water, plants, and animals in an ecosystem | nitrogen cycle |
| the process by which gaseous nitrogen is converted into ammonia, a compound that organisms can uses to make amino acids and other nitrogen-containing organic molecules | nitrogen fixation |
| bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia | nitrogen-fixing bacteria |
| the formation of ammonia compounds in the soil by the action of bacteria on decaying matter | ammonification |
| the process by which nitrites and nitrates are produced by bacteria in the soil | nitrification |
| the liberation of nitrogen from nitrogen-containing compounds by bacteria in the soil | denitrification |
| the cyclic movement of phosphorus in different chemical forms from the environment to organisms and then back to the environment | phosphorus cycle |
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fasolak16
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