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Vocabulary Words234

QuestionAnswer
polar a molecule with a little bit of + and-
cohesion attraction between other molecules
adhesion water sticking to different molecules(hydrogen bonds)
hydrogen bond weak bond with molecules that have hydrogen in them
hydroxide ion negative OH-(oxygen and hydrogen
hydronium ion H3O- a water molecule with an extra oxygen
acid something with a lot of hydrogen ions
base something with a lot of OH ions
pH scale
buffer a weak acid or base that change the pH of a strong acid or base
organic compound a compound with carbon in it
monomer a molecule that can be bonded
polymer multiple monomers
condensation reaction when two molecules bond to form a larger molecule
ATP adenosine triphosphate
carbohydrate a large group of organic compounds
monosccharide fructose, glucose, and ribose
disaccharide sucrose, lactose, and maltose
polysaccaride cellulose, glycogen, and starch
protein large molecules made of chains of amino acids
amino acid basic costitutents of protein
peptide bond covalent chemical bond formed between two molecules
polypeptide consists of amino acids and makes up or is proteins
enzyme something made to have a chemical reaction
substrate layer that something takes place on
active site Enzyme that binds to something in a chemical reaction
lipid fatty acids that are insoluble in water
steroid lipid consisting of 4 carbon rings
nucleic acid DNA or RNA
nucleotide something consisting of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base
cell the smallest unit of life
cytoplasm region of cell within the membrane
cytosol soluble portion of the cytoplasm
prokaryote single celled organism with no nucleus
eukaryote organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane
organelle small body specified to perform a specific function
cytoskeleton network of protein filaments
microtubule small tubular fibers made of protein tubules found in the cytoplasm
microfilament fiber composed of the protein actin
cilium hairlike structure projected from some cells
flagellum hairlike structure that allows a cell to move
plastid organelle of plant cells that performs a specific function
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