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Chem of Life 3 FHS

Nucleic Acids - DNA and RNA

QuestionAnswer
the 2 types of nucleic acids DNA, RNA
these function to provide the hereditary code and make proteins nucleic acids
nucleic acids contain: C, H, O, P + N
nucleic acids are polymers of: nucleotides
nucleotides contain a __________ ____________ 5-carbon sugar
example of 5-carbon sugar: deoxyribose or ribose, phosphate, and a nitrogen base
nitrogen bases: guanine (G), cytosine (C), adenine (A), and thymine (T) or uracil (U)
nitrogen bases are either __________ (2 rings) like adenine or guanine or______________ (1 ring) like cytosine, thymine, or uracil purines, pyrimidines
purines always pair with ______________ pyrimidines
A always pairs with __________ T or U
G always pairs with C
DNA structure is in the shape of: double helix or twisted ladder
an uncoiled human DNA molecule would be this long 4cm
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA directs and controls the development and activities of the cell by determining which ___________ will be made proteins
The ________ of the _________ _________ provides the hereditary “code” for making proteins. sequence, nitrogen bases
small sections of DNA that code for a particular polypeptide protein genes
RNA stands for: ribonucleic acid
RNA is in the shape of: single stranded
ribose is the ___________ in RNA sugar
nitrogen bases of RNA are: Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine, and Uracil - Uracil replace the Thymine in RNA
RNA functions to carry the DNA code out of the nucleus to the_______________ where it will be translated into a ______ ribosomes, protein
3 types of RNA messenger RNA-mRNA, Ribosomal RNA-rRNA, Transfer RNA-tRNA
acts as a messenger to carry the DNA code out of the nucleus to the ribosomes Messenger RNA-mRNA
makes up most of the ribosome Ribosomal RNA-rRNA
transfers the appropriate amino acid in the sequence to the ribosome as the protein is being made Transfer RNA-tRNA
ATP stands for: adenosine triphosphate
ATP is made up of: adenine + ribose + P + P ~ P
sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base nucleotide
immediate source of energy for all biological processes ATP
Created by: serverge
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