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Biology Vocab 1
biology vocab ch. 1,2,3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. Polar | uneven distribution of the charges |
| 2. Cohesion | the force that holds molecules of a single matter together |
| 3.Adhension | the attractive force between two bodies of different substances that are in contact with each other. |
| 4.Hydrogen bond | the force occurring when a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a electronegative atom of one molecule is attracted to two unshared electrons of another molecule |
| 5.Hydroxide ion | the OH- ion |
| 6.Hydronium ion | has one proton and one water molecule |
| 7.Acid | anything that increases the number of Hydronium ions. |
| 8.Base | anything that increases the number of Hydroxide ions |
| 9.ph scale | measures the number of Hydroxide ions |
| 10.buffer | solution that neutralizes a acid or base |
| 11.Organic compound | compound that contains carbon |
| 12.monomer | something that combine with other molecules that makes a polymer |
| 13.polymer | large molecule that is formed by 5 monomers |
| 14.condensation reaction | 2 or more molecules combine to make a water or another simple molecule |
| 15.ATP | molecule that acts like a main energy source for cell process |
| 16.carbohydrate | provides nutrients to living things |
| monosaccharide | simple sugar that is the basic subunit for a carbohydrate |
| 17.disaccharide | a sugar that is formed by 2 monosaccharide |
| 18.polysaccharide | long chains of simple sugars |
| 19.protein | 1 or more chains of amino acids |
| 20.amino acid | makes up protein it is in meat |
| 21.peptide bond | chemical bond of one type of amino acid and a another type |
| 22.polypeptide | long chains of amino acids |
| 23.enzyme | type of protein that speeds up metabolic reactions |
| 24.substrate | element that lies beneath and supports another element. |
| 25.active site | site of a enzyme that attracts a substrate |
| 26.lipid | nonpolar molecule |
| 27.steriod | type of lipid that consists of 4 carbon rings |
| 28.nucleic acid | compound whose molecules are made up of 1 to 2 chains of nucleotides |
| 29.nucleotide | subunit that consists of sugar, prosphate and a nitrogenous base |
| 30.cell | smallest unit that can perform all life's processes |
| 31.cytoplasm | region of the cell that contains the fluid, skeleton, and all organs except the nucleus. |
| 32.cytosol | soluble portion of the cytoplasm |
| 33.prokaryote | single celled organism that has no nucleus |
| 34.eukaryote | organism that has nucleus EX: animals and plants |
| 35.organelle | small body found in cytoplasm and has a specific function |
| 36.cytoskeleton | network in a cell's cytoplasm that plays an important rule in cell's shape |
| 37.microtubule | found in cytoplasm of eukaryote cells plays important role in cell's structure and movement |
| 38.microfilament | has a role in cell's structure and movement |
| 39.cilium | projects the surface of some cells |
| 40.flagellum | enables a cell to move |
| 41.plastid | performs specific functions for a cell. |