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Chapter 2,3,4 Vocab.
Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Polar | Uneven distribution of charge. |
| Cohesion | Force that hold molecules of a single substance. |
| Adhesion | The attractive force between two substances that are in contact. |
| Hydrogen Bond | Attraction between hydrogen molecule and partial positive molecule. |
| Hydroxide Ion | H2O=H+ + OH- Its the OH- |
| Acid | A compound that increases hydronium ions when placed in water. |
| Base | More hydroxide ions and is 7-14 on the pH scale |
| pH Scale | A scale that test how acidic a substance is. Ranges from 1-14. |
| Buffer | Chemical the neutralizes a small amount of acid or base. |
| Organic Compound | Made of carbon atoms. |
| Monomer | Smaller atoms that make up carbon compound. |
| Polymer | Consists on repeated linked units. |
| Condensation Reaction | When monomers link to form polymers. |
| ATP | Adenosine or phosphate |
| Carbohydrate | Made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |
| Monosaccharide | A monomer or carbohydrate. |
| Disaccharide | Double sugar. |
| Polysaccharide | Three of more monosaccharides. |
| Protein | Made of mainly carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen. |
| Amnio Acid | Makes up protein and contains Carboxyl |
| Peptide Bond | When two amnio acids form a covalent bond. |
| Polypeptide | When amnio acids form long chains. |
| Enzyme | RNA or protein molecules acts as biological catalysts. |
| Substrate | Reactant being catalyzed. |
| Active Site | When the enzyme has folds. |
| Lipid | Large non-polar molecules. |
| Steroid | Made of 4 fused carbon rings. |
| Nucleic Acid | Large, complex. Transport information to the cell. |
| Nucleotide | Phosphate group, 5 carbon sugar, ring shaped nitrogenous base. |
| Cell | Smallest unit that can carry all processes of life. |
| Cytoplasm | Includes everything but the nucleus. |
| Cytosol | Contains things such as ribosomes but not things such as membrane bound organelles. |
| Procaryote | Lack membrane bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles. |
| Eucaryote | Have Membrane bound nucleus and organelles. |
| Organelle | Intra cellular bodies that preform specific functions. |
| Cytoskeleton | Thin tubes that crisscross the cytosol. |
| Microtubule | Hollow tubes made of protein. |
| Microfilament | Long threads of bead-like protein actin. |
| Cilium | Short and present in large numbers. |
| Flagellum | Long and present in small numbers. |
| Plastid | Organelles that are surrounded by a double membrane. |