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Chapter 2,3,4 Vocab.

Biology

QuestionAnswer
Polar Uneven distribution of charge.
Cohesion Force that hold molecules of a single substance.
Adhesion The attractive force between two substances that are in contact.
Hydrogen Bond Attraction between hydrogen molecule and partial positive molecule.
Hydroxide Ion H2O=H+ + OH- Its the OH-
Acid A compound that increases hydronium ions when placed in water.
Base More hydroxide ions and is 7-14 on the pH scale
pH Scale A scale that test how acidic a substance is. Ranges from 1-14.
Buffer Chemical the neutralizes a small amount of acid or base.
Organic Compound Made of carbon atoms.
Monomer Smaller atoms that make up carbon compound.
Polymer Consists on repeated linked units.
Condensation Reaction When monomers link to form polymers.
ATP Adenosine or phosphate
Carbohydrate Made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Monosaccharide A monomer or carbohydrate.
Disaccharide Double sugar.
Polysaccharide Three of more monosaccharides.
Protein Made of mainly carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen.
Amnio Acid Makes up protein and contains Carboxyl
Peptide Bond When two amnio acids form a covalent bond.
Polypeptide When amnio acids form long chains.
Enzyme RNA or protein molecules acts as biological catalysts.
Substrate Reactant being catalyzed.
Active Site When the enzyme has folds.
Lipid Large non-polar molecules.
Steroid Made of 4 fused carbon rings.
Nucleic Acid Large, complex. Transport information to the cell.
Nucleotide Phosphate group, 5 carbon sugar, ring shaped nitrogenous base.
Cell Smallest unit that can carry all processes of life.
Cytoplasm Includes everything but the nucleus.
Cytosol Contains things such as ribosomes but not things such as membrane bound organelles.
Procaryote Lack membrane bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
Eucaryote Have Membrane bound nucleus and organelles.
Organelle Intra cellular bodies that preform specific functions.
Cytoskeleton Thin tubes that crisscross the cytosol.
Microtubule Hollow tubes made of protein.
Microfilament Long threads of bead-like protein actin.
Cilium Short and present in large numbers.
Flagellum Long and present in small numbers.
Plastid Organelles that are surrounded by a double membrane.
Created by: bethanyruoss
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