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Biology Flashcards
Unit 1
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Atom | The basic units of matter. |
Element | A pure substance which cannot be broken down by a chemical. |
Molecule | An electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. |
Compound | Made up or consisting of two or more existing parts or elements. |
Atomic Number | The atomic number uniquely identifies a chemical element. |
Mass Number | The total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus. |
Atomic Wight | The mass of an atom. |
Valence Electron | The outer shell electron that is associated with an atom. |
Electron | Has a charge of negative electricity and is found in all atoms. |
Proton | Has a charge of positive electricity and is found in all atoms. |
Neutron | Has a neutral charge of electricity and is found in all atoms. |
Isotope | |
Radioisotope | An atom that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable. |
Electron Configuration | The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons. |
Bond | A strong force of attraction holding atoms together. |
Polar Bond | A covalent bond between two atoms where the electrons forming the bond are unequally distributed. |
Nonpolar Bond | A type of bond that occurs when two atoms share a pair of electrons with each other. |
Solvent | A solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute. |
Solution | A mixture composed of two or more substances. |
Solute | A solute is a substance dissolved in another substance. |
Hydrophobic | A property that fails to mix with water. |
Hydrophilic | A property that mixes with water. |
Amino acid | The structural units that make up proteins. |
Nucleotide | Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids. |
Peptide bond | A bond that links two consecutive amino acids. |
Lipid | Organic compounds that are fatty acids. |
Saturated fat | A type of dietary fat. |
Saccaride | Another word for sugar. |
Specific heat | The heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance. |
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