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Ch9LifeDevelopment
Chapte 9 life development
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Developmental Psychologists divide the lifespan into: | eight age-related stages of development |
| In terms of development, a critical period: | is a period during which a child is maximally sensitive to environmental influences. |
| A gene encodes the instructions for: | a specific combination of amino acids that form a particular protein molecule. |
| Which of the following BEST describes a gene? | a unit of DNA on a chromosome that encodes instructions for making a particular protein. |
| A unit of DNA on a chromosome that encodes instructions for making a particular protein molecule is the definition of: | a gene |
| Genes make up _____ of human DNA. | Less than 2 percent |
| Your unique genotype | is found in the chromosomes of every cell in your body, except for your reproductive cells (sperm or eggs). |
| Michelle has freckles. It is likely that she inherited: | a dominant version of the “freckles” gene from either or both of her biological parents. |
| Which of the following statements is TRUE? | To be “freckle free” you would have to inherit two recessive “no-freckles” genes, one from each biological parent. |
| One problem with the genotype-as-a-blueprint analogy is that: | environmental factors influence the actual phenotype displayed. |
| Because different genotypes react differently to environmental factors, psychologists and other scientists speak of ____ to develop in a particular way. | The genetic predisposition |
| People with a particular genetic configuration will be more or less sensitive to particular environmental factors. This is referred to as a person’s ____ to develop in a particular way | genetic predisposition |
| Unlike Donna, who usually gets a nice tan when exposed to sunlight, Derek has a tendency to sunburn easily. Donna and Derek obviously have different sensitivities to the same environmental factor. This example illustrates their different ____. | Genetic predispositions |
| Humans carry all of the genes necessary to develop a tail but we typically don’t develop tails because: | those genes are never activated |
| Epigenetics refers to: | the study of the mechanisms that control gene expression and its effect on behavior and health |
| In addition to interactions among genes, and between genotype and environmental influences, another crucial factor in the relationship between genotype and phenotype is: | that genes can mutate or spontaneously change from one generation to the next. |
| Which of the following is NOT listed as important in considering the relationship between genotype and phenotype? | Epigenetic changes determine how an individual’s genetic blueprint directs and controls all aspects of development as it unfolds over the lifespan. |
| During the germinal period: | the zygote becomes implanted on the mother’s uterine wall. |
| Shannon is in the seventh week of her pregnancy. In terms of prenatal development, Shannon’s pregnancy is in the ____ period. | Embryonic |
| During the embryonic period, the: | organs and major systems of the body form |
| Which of the following is TRUE of the placenta? | It prevents the mother’s blood from mixing with the blood of the developing embryo and fetus. |
| When does a fetus double in weight, gaining an additional three to four pounds of body fat? | During the last two months of the fetal period |
| Heather is in her fifth month of a healthy pregnancy and sometimes she can feel the fetus moving, a common experience during this period called: | quickening |
| As a general rule, the greatest vulnerability to ____ occurs during the ____ period of prenatal development | teratogens |
| By the third w week after conception, a sheet of primitive neural cells have formed: | a hollow tube called the neural tube. |
| Monika read in her textbook that during the peak periods of brain development in the prenatal period, new cells are being generated at the rate of ____ per minute. | 250,000 |
| As the neural tube expands during development, it develop cavities, called ____, that are found at the core of the fully developed brain and are filled with cerebrospinal fluid. | Ventricles |
| The fetal brain is constantly changing, forming as many as 2 million synaptic connections per second. By the ____ month of prenatal development, the fetus has all the brain cells it will have at birth. | Fifth |
| Sarah gave birth to a full-term healthy baby boy who weighed just over 9 pounds. Assuming that the infant is normal, his brain will be about ____ the size of an adult human brain and will weigh about ____. | One-quarter |
| Janeen touches her newborn’s cheek. Her baby turns toward Janeen’s hand and opens her mouth. Janeen has triggered which reflex? | The rooting reflex |
| Two crucial factors in the relationship between genotype and phenotype are | interactions among genes, and interactions between genotype and environmental influences. |
Created by:
kennacoconut
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