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AP Psych: Mod 70-73
Meyers Unit 13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| psycho therapy | treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth. |
| biomedical therapy | prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patient's nervous system. |
| eclectic approach | depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy. |
| psychoanalysis | Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions. |
| resistance | in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material. |
| interpretation | in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight. |
| transference | in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent). |
| psychodynamic therapy | therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight. |
| interpersonal therapy | treatment that strengthens social skills and targets interpersonal problems, conflicts, and life transitions. |
| insight therapies | a variety of therapies which aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing the client's awareness of underlying motives and defenses. |
| client-centered therapy | a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening with a genuine , accepting, empathetic environment to facilitate client's growth. |
| nondirective therapy | therapist listens without judgment or interpreting, refrains from directing the client towards certain insights. |
| active listening | empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy. |
| unconditional positive regard | a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients to develop self-awareness and acceptance. |
| id | primative, basic, and fully unconscious part of personality. |
| ego | part of the psyche responsible for the sense of self and ability to interact with the outside world. |
| superego | ethical component of the personality and provides moral standard that the ego operates. |
| free association | common tenet of psychoanalysis that allows clients to speak for themselves to help figure out unconscious motives and desires. |
| behavior therapy | therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors. |
| counter-conditioning | a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning. |
| exposure therapies | behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actuality) to the things they fear and avoid. |
| systematic desensitization | a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias. |
| progressive relaxation | individual is trained to relax the entire body by becoming aware of tensions in each muscle group and relaxing each group one at a time. |
| virtual reality exposure therapy | an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears. |
| aversive conditioning | a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol). |
| behavior modification | reinforcing desired behaviors and withholding reinforcement for undesired behaviors. |
| token economy | an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats. |
| cognitive therapy | therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions. |
| rational emotive therapy (REBT) | a confrontational cognitive therapy, developed by Albert Ellis, that vigorously challenges people's illogical, self-defeating attitudes and assumptions. |
| stress inoculation training | teaching people to restructure their thinking in stressful situations. |
| cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) | cognitive behavioral therapy, a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior). |
| group therapy | therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction. |
| family therapy | therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members. |
| regression toward the mean | the tendency for extremes of unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average. |
| randomized clinical trials are... | the best form of evaluation. |
| meta-analysis | a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies-gives them a bottom-line. |
| evidence-based practice | clinical decision-making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences. |
| Government support for mental health services require... | evidence base- practice. |
| eye movement desensitization and reprocessing | uses eye movement when discussing trauma to speak about it without focusing on it. |
| light exposure therapy | seasonal depression, certain amounts of morning light. |
| therapeutic alliance | a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the client's problem. |
| resilience | the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma. |
| psychopharmacology | the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior. |
| antipsychotic drugs | drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder. |
| antianxiety drugs | drugs which relieve tension, apprehension, and nervousness, e.g., Valium and Xanax and other drugs in the benzodiazepine family, also known as tranquilizers. |
| antidepressants | used top treat depression, anxiety disorders, OCD, PTSD, -widely used antidepressive drugs are SSRIs-agonists. |
| mood stabilizing drugs | salt is used with bipolar disorder for highs and lows. |
| electroconvulsive therapy stimulation (ECT) | a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient. |
| rTMS | the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity. |
| deep brain stimulation | electrical stimulation applied through surgically implanted electrodes; used to treat some anxiety and mood disorders (bridges between frontal lobe and limbic system). |
| psychosurgery | surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior. |
| lobotomy | A now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves that connect the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain. |
| A human being is an... | integrated biopsychosocial system. |
| therapeutic options... | aerobic options, adequate sleep, light exposure, social connection, nutritional supplements, antirumination (redirecting negative thoughts). |
Created by:
kqunell
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