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AP Psych Unit Seven
2023- 2024, Motivation
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Motivation | desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a certain goal |
| Instincts Theory | we are motivated by unlearned factors, shows small fraction and we are more complex than this |
| Drive Reduction Theory | physical drives to satisfaction, homeostatic, does not explain a lot |
| Optimal Arousal Theory | level of excitement drived by activities to achieve level of need |
| Yerkes-Dodson or Inverted U Theory | what level of arousal we need to play our best |
| Maslows Hiearchy of Needs - | basic needs to satisfaction five of them |
| Maslows Hiearchy of Needs- Level One | Phsysiological: food, water, breathing homeostasis |
| Maslows Hiearchy of Needs- Level Two | Safety: financial, health, wellness, world is organized |
| Maslows Hiearchy of Needs- Level Three | Loving and Belonging: emotional relationships, loved to be loved, acceptance |
| Maslows Hiearchy of Needs- Level Four | Esteem: respect, self worth, independence |
| Maslows Hiearchy of Needs- Level Five | Self Actualization: full potential |
| Intrinsic Motivation | behaviors are for your own sake, INside |
| Extrinsic Motivation | behaviors are for a reward, EXternal |
| Incentive Theory | operant conditions, rewards and punishments |
| Approach-Approach Conflicts | good good |
| Avoidance-Aviodance Conflicts | bad bad |
| Approach-Avoidance | one good choice, good bad |
| multiple approach-aviodance | multiple good and bad |
| Management Theory | teaching styles related closely to intrinsically and extrinsic motivation |
| X Theory | employees are extrinsically motivated, rewarded with benefits |
| Y Theory | people are intrinsically motivated, to do good work, maslows needs |
| A.L. Washburn | put a balloon in a stomach and pump it with air to stop hungry feeling. Overall found that we feel pain that makes us want to eat |
| Glucose | when you are hungry it is low, hypothalamus signals this |
| Hypothalamus | regulatory of hungry |
| Hypothalamus Lateral | when stimulates causes hunger, (LAT makes FAT) |
| Hypothalamus Lesion | when destoyed you wont want to eat again |
| Hypothalamus Ventrimedial | when stimulates makes you feel full, and the lesion portion will make you feel full |
| Ghrelin | Hormone, GRRRRehlin, secreted by stomach tell you that your hungry |
| Leptin | hormone, fat cells secrete, brain cells tell it to |
| Set Point Theory | your hypothalamus sets your point, whats you to maintain a stable weight. |
| Emotions | response of whole organisms, other to understand psuchological state |
| James-Lang | bodies react first than emotions, does explain how body knows to react. -- first the stimulus and then the response |
| Cannon Bard Theory | both the reaction and emotion occur are same time together |
| Two Factor | physical response and cognitive later |
| Ricket Bridge Study | one sturdy and one rickey bridge, people who were on the scary bridge would misattribute their arousal form of attraction |
| Misattribution of Arousal | perceived though brain stem to source, actually to cause arousal |
| Lazarus | stimulus, cognition, emotion, physical response |
| Low Road | you see=physical response |
| High Road | more thought our reaction |
| Problem Solving or Proactive Thinking | fixing it, this is the healthiest |
| Emotional Coping | escaping or living with it |
| Avoidance | ignoring it |
| Stressor | causes stress response |
| Stress | process of responding to certain events |
| Stress Reaction | physical and emotional response |
| Acute stressor | car crash |
| Chronic Stressor | poverty, illness (long term), unemployment, bullying |
| Daily Hassles | day to day stress, adds up to stress |
| General Adaptation Syndrome | in three stages |
| 1) Alarm Reaction | oh wow, sympathetic/pulse reaction, |
| 2) Resistance | deal with situation, ready to fight, BP and temperature is high, hormones released |
| 3)Exhaustion | stress resource run out, susceptible to illness, BURNOUT |
| Tend and Befriend | person helps another that seeks help, more common with women, men can be socially withdrawn |
| Holmes and Rahe | life changes, proceed to death, individualistic. |
| Polygraph Test | looks at perspiration, heart rate and respiration |
| B Cells | fight bacteria |
| T Celss | fight cancer cells |
| Macrophages | trap and fight |
| Natural Killers | affect by cancer |
| Sleep | periodic natural cause of unconsciousness |
| Consciousness | awareness oneself environment |
| Hypothalamus | onset of sleep |
| Hippocampus | memory region during sleep |
| Suprachiasmatic Nucleus | in hypothalamus in response to light |
| Carcadian Rhythm | biological clock for sleep |
| REM Sleep | rapid eye movement, vivid dream |
| NREM2 Sleep Spindles | rapid burst, rhythmic brain waves active |
| Deep Sleep | slow delta waves, hard to wake up |
| RFM Rebound | increase in length of REM because periods of deep sleep |
| Sleep Stages | 1, 2, 3, 2. REM, 2, 3, 2. REM - deepest sleep at midnight, take 90 mins |
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