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Table 3-5

Human Development Chapter 3

QuestionAnswer
What is an ultrasound? High-frequency sound waves directed at mother's abdomen produce picture of fetus in uterus
What is sonoembryology? High-frequency transvaginal probes and digital image processing to produce a picture of embryo in uterus
What is embryoscopy? Tiny viewing scope inserted in woman's abdomen to view embryo
What is amniocentesis? Sample of amniotic fluid is withdrawn under guidance of ultrasound and analyzed, most commonly used procedure to obtain fetal cells for testing
What is chorionic villus sampling? Tissues from hair-like chorionic villi (predictions of membrane surrounding fetus) are removed from placenta and analyzed
what is preimplantation genetic diagnosis? After in vitro fertilization, a sample cell is removed from the blastocyst and analyzed
what is on the local court sampling? needle guided by ultrasound is inserted into blood vessels of umbilical cord
what is maternal blood test? Sample of prospective mothers blood is tested for alpha fetoprotein
what are uses and advantages of ultrasound? Monitor fetal growth, movement, position, form; assess amniotic fluid volume; Judge gestational age; detect multiple pregnancies; help diagnose sex-linked disorders
what are uses and advantages of sonoembryology? Detect unusual defects during embryonic stage
what are notes of the ultrasound? Done routinely in many places, can be used for sex screening
what are uses and advantages of embryoscopy? Assist in diagnosis of nonchromosomal genetic disorders, guide field blood transfusions and bone marrow transplants
what are risks of the embryoscopy? Riskier than other prenatal diagnostic procedures
what are uses and advantages of amniocentesis? Can detect chromosomal disorder, genetic or multifactorial defects, accurate, recommended if family has known threatening disorders, can help diagnose sex linked disorders
what are risks or notes of amniocentesis? Not performed before 15 weeks gestation, results take one to two weeks, risk fetal loss or injury, not used for sex screening
what are uses and advantages of chorionic villus sampling? Early diagnosis of birth defects and disorders, performed between 10 and 12 weeks gestation, highly accurate results within one week
what are risks of chorionic villus sampling? Should not be performed before 10 weeks gestation, higher risk of fetal loss
what are uses and advantages of preimplantation genetic diagnosis? Avoid transmission of genetic defects or predispositions, defective blastocysts is not implanted in uterus
what are risks of preimplantation genetic diagnosis? No known risks
what are uses and advantages of umbilical cord sampling? Allows direct access to fetal DNA for diagnostic and therapeutic measures
what are uses and advantages umbilical cord sampling? Fetal loss or miscarriage, increases risk of bleeding from umbilical cord and fetal distress
what are uses and advantages of maternal blood test? may indicate defects in formation of brain or spinal cord, predict abnormalities or down syndrome, permits monitoring of pregnancies for low birth weight or stillbirth
what are risks of maternal blood test? No known risk, false positives possible, ultrasound or amniocentesis needed to confirm suspected conditions
Created by: love_fire_roses
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