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Motivation & Emotion
Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Instincts | Automatic behaviors performed in response to specific stimuli. Psychologists agree that our behavior is motivated by other biological and psychological factors. |
| Motivations | Feelings that entice us to act on our goals |
| Lateral Hypothalamus | Animal shows little to no interest in eating because the hunger center has been destroyed |
| Set-Point Theory | The hypothalamus decides to send an impulse because it wants to maintain a certain optimum body weight. |
| Primary Drives | Biological needs |
| Incentives | An external goal that has the capacity to motivate behavior. |
| Intrinsic Motivators | Awards that are internally (enjoyment or satisfaction). |
| Achievement Motivation | Explains the motivation behind complex behaviors. This examines our desires to master complex tasks and knowledge to reach a certain goal. Some people have high achievement motivation to challenge themselves more than other people. |
| Drive Reduction Theory | Our behavior is motivated by biological needs. Our body seeks homeostasis-a balanced internal state. |
| Secondary Drives | Learned drives (money to gain a primary source) |
| Opponent-Process Theory of Motivation | People are usually at a normal state, but an act can moves us from the baseline state like smoking, but eventually we want to go back to that neutral state. |
| Arousal Theory | We seek an optimum level of excitement or arousal. |
| Approach-Approach Conflcit | When you have to choose between two desirable choices. You can only do one of these choices. |
| Approach-Avoidance Conflict | An event has an attractive and unattractive features. An example is people who are lactose-intolerant and they eat ice cream. The ice cream tastes good, but it effects you later. |
| Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict | When you choose between two unattractive possibilities. It is hard to avoid both situations. |
| Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs | We will act to satisfy biological needs like survival safety, then our emotional needs, then goals like satisfaction and self-actualization become important to us. We satisfy our most important first. |
| James-Lange Theory of Emotion | William James and Carl Lange suggested that we feel emotion because of biological changes caused by stress. An example is feeling scared after something scared you and your heart begins to race. |
| Cannon-Bard Theory of Motivation | The biological change and the cognitive awareness of the emotional state occur simultaneously. |
| Two-Factor Theory | Stanley Schachter's theory explains emotional experiences more completely then the other theories. This suggests that both our physical responses and our cognitive labels combine to cause any particular emotional response. |
| General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) | The response animals and humans have to a stressful event. Response patterns to situations are very consistent. Excessive stress can lead to physical disease (heart conditions) and emotional diseases (depression). |
| Obesity | An eating disorder. People diagonosed are usually overweight by 100 pounds. Thi threatens their health |
| Bullimia | An eating disorder that people commit when they eat a lot of food then vomit the food out. These people are obsessed with food and their weight. |
| Anorexia | An eating disorder in which people starve themselves below 85% of their body weight and refuse to eat. |
| Extrinsic Motivators | Rewards we get for accomplishments (grades, salary). These motivators are effective for a short period of time. When the motivation end so will the desired behavior. |
Created by:
kennedykeith
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