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Unit 8B Terms
Emotions, Stress and Health
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Emotion | A complex reaction pattern, involving experimential, behavioral, and psychological elements, by which the individual attempts to deal with a personally significant matter or event. |
| James-Lang Theory | The theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our psychological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli. |
| Cannon-Bard Theory | The theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers physiological responses and the subjective experience of emotion. |
| Two-Factor Theory | The Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must be physically aroused and cognitively label the arousal. |
| Polygraph | A machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures several of the physiological responses accompanying emotion. |
| Facial Feedback | The effect of facial expressions on experienced emotions, as when a facial expression of anger or happiness intensifies feeling of anger or happiness. |
| Catharsis | Emotional release.The catharsis hypothesis maintains that "releasing" agressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves agressive urges. |
| Feel-Good, Do-Good Phenomenon | People's tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood. |
| Adaptation-Level Phenomenon | Our tendency to form judgements (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative neutral level defined by our prior experience. |
| Relative Deprivation | The perception that we are worse off relative to those with whom we compare ourselves. |
| Behavioral Medicine | An interdisciplinary field that integrates behavioral and medicinal knowledge and applies that knowledge to health and disease, |
| Health Psychology | A subfield of psychology that provides psychology's contribution to behavioral medicine. |
| Stress | The process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging. |
| General Adaptation Syndrom (GAS) | Selye's concept of the body's adaptive response to stress in three phases-alarm, resistance, exhaustion. |
| Coronary Heart Disease | The clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries. |
| Type A | Friedman and Rosenman's term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people. |
| Type B | Friedman and Rosenman's term for easygoing, relaxed people. |
| Psychophysiological Illness | Literally, "mind-body" illness; any stress-related physical illness, such as hypertension and some headaches. |
| Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) | The study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine process together affect the immune system and resulting health. |
| Lymphocytes | The two types of white blood cells that are part of the body's immune system B lymphocytes form in the bone marrow and release antibodies that fight bacterial infections; T lymphocytes form in the thymus and other lymphatic tissue. |
| Aerobic Exercise | Sustained exercise that increases heart and lung fitness; may also alleviate depression and anxiety. |
| Biofeedback | A system for electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back information regarding a subtle physiological state, such as blood pressure or muscle tension. |
| Subjective Well-Being | A judgement that people make about the overall quality of their lives by summoning emotional ups and downs to determine how well their actual life circumstances match their wishes or expectations concerning how they should or not feel. |
| Burnout | Physical, emotional or mental exhaustion, especially in one's job or career, accompanied by decreased motivation, lowered performance, and negative attitudes towards oneself and others. |
| Approach-Approach Conflict | A conflict situation involving a choice between two equally desirable but incompatible goals, for example, when an individual must choose between two attractive job opportunities. |
| Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict | A conflict situation involving a choice between two equally objectionable alternatives, for example, when an individual must choose between unemployment or a salary cut. |
| Approach-Avoidance Conflict | Ambivalence that arises when a goal has both desirable and undesirable aspects or consequences, for example, when a highly desired but lower paid job opportunity becomes available. |
Created by:
APPsychology
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