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SI test 2

chapters 4, 5, 6, 7

QuestionAnswer
whether our methods of studying variables are accurate Construct validity
accuracy of conclusions about cause and effect internal validity
whether we can generalize the findings of a study to other settings external validity
any event, situation, behavior or individual characteristic that varies Variable
set of procedures used to measure or manipulate a variable operational definition
increses in the values of one variable are accompanied by increases in the values of the second variable positive linear relationship
increses in the values of one variable are accompanied by decreases in the values of the other variables negative linear relationship
increases in the values of one variable are accompanied by systematic increases and decreases in the values of the other variable curvilinear relationshop
the graph is simply a flat line no relationship
a numerical index of the strength of relationship between variables correlation coefficient
relationships are studied by making observations or measures of the variables of interest non experimental method
direct manipulation and control of variables experimental method
difficult to determine which variable which variable causes the other direction of cause and effect
any variable that is extraneous to the two variables being studied third variable problem
the uncontrolled third variable that is operating confounding variable
all extraneous variables are controlled experimental variable
ensures that the extraneous variable is just as likely to affect one experimental group as it is to affect the other group randamization
variable that is considered to be the cause, manipulated variable independent variable
variable that is the effect, measured variable Dependent variable
the ability to draw conclusions about causal relationships from the results of a study internal validity
extent to which the results can be generalized to other populations and settings external validity
the independent variable is manipulated in a natural setting field experiment
characteristics of individuals, such as age, gender, ethnic group, nationality, birth order, personality or marital status participant variables (subject variables, personal attributes)
refers to the consistency or stability of a measure of behavior reliability
real score on the variable true score
measuring the same individuals at two points in time test-retest reliability
is an assessment of reliability using responses at only one point in time internal consistency reliability
the correlation of the total score on one half of the test with the total score on the other half split half reliability
provides us with the average of all possible split-half reliability coefficients Cronbach's alpha
provide information about each individual item item-total correlations
the extent to which raters agree in the observations interrater reliability
the evidence for validity is that the measure appears "on the face of it" to measure what it is supposed to measure face validity
based on comparing the content of the measure with the universe of content that defines the construct content validity
research that uses a measure to predict some future behavior predictive behavior
scores on the measure are related to a criterion measured at the same time concurrent validity
scores on the measure are related to other measures of the same construct convergent validity
score on the measure are not related to other measures that are theoretically different discriminant validity
awareness of being measured changes an individuals behavior reactivity
no numerical or quantitative properties nominal scales
allow us to rank order the levels of the variable being studied ordinal scales
the difference between the numbers on the scale is meaningful interval scale
zero indicates absence of variable measured ratio scale
a tendency to respond to all questions from a particular perspective rather than to provide answers that are directly related to the questions response set
obtain a sample of people who meet some predetermined criterion purposive sampling
Created by: cecuyler
Popular Psychology sets

 

 



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