Reporting Category 3 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Mutation | any change in the sequence of the bases in DNA |
evolution | the process of changing over time |
natural selection | nature picks the best traits; more helpful traits become more frequent in a population when there are more offspring than resources |
speciation | two groups within a species seperate or differ to the point they will no longer reproduce |
phylogeny | the study of evolutionary relationships between organisms |
fitness | the ability to survive to reproduce and pass on your genes |
geographic isolation | a physical barrier divides a population |
analogous structures | body parts with similar function but not similar structure; they do not point to a recent commom ancestor |
homologous structures | body parts with similar structure that point to a commom ancestor |
vestigial structures | small or incomplete body parts that are no longer of use to the species but may have served a use to a common ancestor |
stasis or genetic equillibrium | genetic stability, staying the same genetically |
mimicry | One species evolves traits to resemble another species |
genetic drift | affects the genetic makeup of the population through a random process |
gene flow | movement of alleles from one population to another |
taxonomy | study of relatedness of organisms; classifying organisms based on similarities |
dichotomous key | series of paired statements (yes or no questions) that helps identify species; helps to organize organisms by characteristics |
phylogenetic tree or cladogram | a diagram that represents the evolutionary relationships within a group of organisms |
aerobic | requires oxygen |
anaerobic | does not require oxygen |
extremophiles | organisms that thrive in places where most other life can not (i.e. Archaea) |
vascular tissue | these plants have tubes which transport water and nutrients ; (xylem and phloem) |
terrestrial | land, or lives on land |
invertebrate | have no backbone or spinal column |
vertebrate | have a backbone and spinal column |
reproductive isolation | members of a population are not able or choose not to breed with other members of the population; can be geographic, temporal, behavioral |
bottle neck | occurs when a large number of the population is removed by a random event |
adaptation | a body part or behavior that helps an animal survive in a particular environment |
biogeography | The study of the distribution of different species of organisms around the planet and the factors that influenced that distribution. |
Founder effect | occurs when few individuals relocate a new location to live, often a result of geographic isolation |
Protista | single and multicellular organisms that are plant-like, animal-like and fungi-like. They are eukaryotic and some are multi- or uni- cellular, hetero- or auto-trophic. |
Eubacteria | Single-celled prokaryotes that have a cell wall |
Archaea Bacteria | Single-celled prokaryotes that have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan. |
Animalia | Eukaryotic cells, multicelluar, heterotrophs |
Plantae | Eukaryotic cells, multicellular, autotrophs |
Fungi | Eukaryotic cells, multicellular, have cell walls made of chitin, heterotrophs |
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high school biology
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