Physics U4 & HW Word Scramble
2 H M R 5 . / R
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| Question | Answer |
| A 137Cs source used from instrument calibration has an intensity of 100mR/hr. at 20 cm. What would the intensity be 40 cm from the source? | 25 mR/hr. |
| y= | Sinθ |
| Which type of electromagnetic radiation is not used for medical imaging? | Microwaves |
| How many alternations in 1 second? | 120 |
| When x-rays are described it can be said that | they are deflected by a very strong magnet |
| A radiographic technique produces a patient dose of 200 mrad at a source to skin distance of 80 cm. What would the patient dose be at an SSD of 160 cm if the technique remains the same | 50 mrad |
| How many cycles in 1 second? | 60 |
| What does the Particle Model: Quantum Theory state: | X-rays are created and exist at the speed of light or dont exist at all. X-rays are directly proportional to frequency |
| A source of99mTe produces a radiation intensity of 150mR/hr. at 10mR. At what distance does the exposure rate equal to 1000mR/hr.? | 3.9 m |
| The exposure rate from a 60Co source used in radiation therapy is 100 mR/hr. at 80 cm. What would be the exposure rate at 40 cm from the source? | 400 R/hr. |
| Where is peak kVp represented on the sine wave? | The very top(crest) of the amplitude portion of the sine wave |
| Which of the following terms is not associated with visible light interaction? | Vaporization |
| Radiation emitted from a standard radio broadcast antenna | Is electromagnetic radiation |
| Define quantum: | Bundle(amount) of energy |
| Substance that absorbs radiation is ___________ and appears __________ on a radiograph. | Radiopaque; clear or light area |
| According to quantum mechanics the energy of an x-ray is | inversely proportional to its wavelength |
| Light has a constant velocity of c=3x108 m/s Therefore | Its frequency decreases with increasing wavelength |
| Where on the sine wave of voltage does voltage measure 0? | the part that intersects the time line (equilibrium) |
| The principle difference between x-rays and gamma rays are their | origin |
| An x-ray can be correctly called a | photon |
| Which of the following is not a characteristic of the wave model of radiation? | Collision |
| The wave equation is described as follows | Wavelength is velocity divided by frequency |
| In radiographs of bony structures embedded in soft tissue the bone is | radiopaque |
| which of the following characteristic is the same for both x-ray photons and light photons | Velocity is the same |
| Electromagetic spectrum from longest wavelength: lowest frequency to shortest wavelength: Highest frequency | Radio frequency Microwaves Infra-red Visible light Ultra Violet Light X-Ray Gamma Cosmic |
| The inverse square relationship applies to which of the following sources | Point |
| A radiograph produced at an SID of 100 cm results in an exposure of 100mR. What would be the exposure if the SID were reduced to 90 cm? | 123 mR |
| The frequency of electromagnetic radiation is | measured in hertz |
| . Visible light | consists of a shorter wavelength red radiation and long wavelength blue radiation |
| When a radiograph is viewed, one might properly state that | lung tissue is radiolucent |
| Formula for the speed of light (C): | C=μλ |
| Diagnostic x-rays are | high energy electromagnetic radiation |
| When pure energy acts as though it has the characterists of matter: | Wave-Particle Duality Phenomenon |
| If an instrument positioned 1m from appoint source is moved 50 cm closer to the source the radiation intensity will be | increased by a factor of 4 |
| X-ray wavelength is: | Inversely proportional to frequency |
| x-ray photons | have a higher frequency than visible light |
| When one uses the sine wave as a model | the distance from one peak to the next is the wavelength |
| For any electromagnetic radiation | An increase in frequency results in an increase in energy |
| A radiographic technique produces an exposure of 200 mR at a source to image receptor distance of 100 cm. What would the exposure rate be at an SID of 180 cm? | 111 mR |
| The inverse square law states | intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance |
| What direction is the current moving if the sine line is above the time line? Below the time line? | Forward; Backward |
| Which of the following electromagnetic radiations is in the diagnostic x-ray region | 65 keV |
| If the exposure rate 1m from a source is 9 mR/hr. what is the exposure rate 3, from the source? | 1 mR/hr. |
| The energy of an x-ray | is inversely proportional to its wavelength |
| What is the Law of Conservation of Energy? | Energy can never be created or destroyed: E=mc² |
| If an x-ray imaging system is operated at 40 kVp then | 20 keV x-rays will be emitted |
| At what level should visible light interact most readily? | Molecular |
| When compared with visible light x-rays have greater | frequency |
| 3 Regions for the Electromagnetic Spectrum: | Visible light Radio Frequency x-Radiation |
| The amplitude of a sine wave is its | Zero to maximum |
| X-rays | have zero rest mass and neutral velocity |
| X-rays can be | Attenuated |
| Which of the following characteristics is the same for both ultraviolet radiation and microwaves? | Velocity |
| Given two x-rays, one of 50keV and the other at 70keV x-ray, the 70 keV has | Has a higher frequency |
| Which of the following statements about photon interaction is true? | Lead is radiopaque |
| The energy of an x-ray photon is directly proportional to its | Frequency |
| The inverse square law is a result of | Divergence |
| Which of the following emissions is likely to obey the inverse square law? | X-rays from mobile imaging unit |
| 1 cycle = _______ alternations | 2 |
| Visible light cannot be | Weighed |
| Which of the following is greater for a 30 keV x-ray than a 60keV x-ray | Wavelength |
| Define x-ray photon: | A quantum of electromagnetic energy |
| When the frequency of electromagnetic radiation is increased tenfold: | the wavelength decreases to 1/10 |
| Which of the following is true about both a 100 keV x-ray and a 10 keV gamma ray? | They have equal wavelengths |
| Which statement about visible light is correct? | If visible light is transmitted unattenuated the matter is lucent |
| The development of modern quantum mechanics is attributed to | max Planck |
| 1/2 the range from crest to valley over which the sine wave varies. | Amplitude |
| Which of the following terms does not apply to an x-ray? | Reflection |
| The number of oscillations per second is the ___________________. | Frequency |
| If the distance from a point source is tripled the intensity will be | one ninth |
| The sine wave portion above the time line represents what? | The amplitude |
| What is frequency; Symbol for frequency and unit of measure: | How often the crest occurs; nu; hertz |
| Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation interacts with matter such as a particle? | Gamma Ray |
| Which of the following most closely represents the term attenuation? | light transmitted through frosted glass |
| The distance from the earth to the sun is approximately 150 million km. If the earth were orbiting the sun at 50 million km the solar intensity on the surface of the earth would be | 9 times more intense |
| What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency: | Inversely proportional |
| A single unit of electromagnetic radiation is also called a/an: | Photon |
| Term for light deviated from its line of travel: | Refraction |
| The electromagnetic spectrum includes | X-rays and radar with the speed of light in a vacuum |
| Which of the following terms is associated with diagnostic imaging? | Superficial X-rays |
| Given the sine wave model of electromagnetic radiation | frequency times wavelength is a constant |
| To apply the inverse square law one must know | Two distances and one intensity |
| 4 Properties of a Photon: | 1) Wavelength 2) Frequency 3) Velocity 4) Amplitude |
| The ____________ is the part of the wave where it extends from 0 (+/-) and returns to 0. | Alternation |
| When the electromagnetic spectrum is considered, photons of a radio broadcast have relative | Low energy and long wavelengths |
| According to the Particle Model: Quantum Theory, x-rays are directly proportional to what? | Frequency |
| Wavelength is the distance between the ________ of a _________; Symbol is _______; Unit of measure is _________. | Crests of a wave; λ-lambda; Å-Angstrom |
| Which of the following has a constant value for all electromagnetic radiation | Velocity |
| The model used to describe an x-ray photon | is a sine wave |
| Meaning of λ-min: | Lambda min= Minimum wavelength=strongest photon in the beam of radiation |
| The frequency of a sine wave is | the number of valleys that pass per second |
| A substance that attenuates radiation is termed ___________ and appears _____________ on a radiograph. | Radiolucent; Dark |
| Which of the following statements about visible light is true? | It sometimes behaves like a wave |
| In the normal representation of an x-ray | Velocity is the speed of light |
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