ESC1000 Ch1-4 Word Scramble
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| Question | Answer |
| Any naturally occurring inorganic solid that possesses an orderly crystalline structure and definite chemical composition. | Mineral |
| Any solid mass of mineral, or mineral-like matter that occurs naturally as part of our planet. | Rock |
| If you take the atom apart, you will find it consists of three subatomic particles. These particles are: | Electrons,Protons, & Neutron. |
| What does the atomic number indicate? | The number of protons that element has. |
| ions are held together by the attraction of the positive and negative charges. | Ionic bonds |
| Two atoms share electrons | Covalent bonds |
| The sharing of electrons in metals such as gold, copper, iron, etc. | Metallic bonds |
| List Properties of Minerals | Luster, Ability to Transmit Light Color, Streak, Crystal Shape, Tenacity, & Hardness Cleavage Fracture Specific gravity |
| The earth's storehouse of useful minerals that can be recovered for use. | Mineral Resource |
| Resources include already identified deposits from which minerals can be extracted profitable, called.... | Reserves |
| Useful organic material that can be mined for profit. | Ore |
| The mass number of an atom is obtained by totaling the number of ___________. | protons and neutrons |
| A well-tested and widely accepted view that explains certain observable facts is known as a(n) __________. | Theory |
| T/F One of the most reliable diagnostic physical properties of minerals is color. | False |
| The tendency of a mineral to break along planes of weak bonding is called ________. | cleavage |
| Atomic particles called _______ have a positive charge, whereas ______ have negative charges. | protons, electrons |
| Which one of the following is NOT a physical property of minerals? A) hardness B) cleavage C) luster D) streak E) chemical composition | E) chemical composition |
| Variations of the same element, but different mass numbers, are called ___________. | isotopes |
| When an atom combines chemically with another atom, it either gains, loses, or shares ____________. | Electrons |
| Molten material found within Earth is called ________. | Magma |
| What are the process of mechanical weathering? | frost wedging, sheeting, & Biological activity |
| Sedimentary rocks are ___________. | layered, or bedded |
| The term lithification means | "conversion into rock" |
| _________ is magma at Earths surface, except that most of the ________ component has escaped. | lava, gas |
| What is the most important agent of chemical weathering | Water |
| Igneous rock is formed _______. | by crystallization of molten rock |
| Exfoliated domes consist of _______. | igneous rock |
| The single most important agent sculpturing Earth's land surface is | Running Water |
| The ability of a stream to erode is directly related to its | velocity |
| The lowest level to which a stream can erode its channel is the stream's | base level |
| When a stream slows down, its competence is reduced and sediment begins to be | deposited |
| _______________ represents the largest reservoir of freshwater that is readily available to humans | ground water |
| The drop in elevation of a stream divided by the distance the water travels. | stream gradient |
| The world's largest river in terms of discharge is the __________. | Amazon |
| When ice accumulation equals ice wastage, the front of the glacier will __________. | remain stationary |
| What is deposited directly by a glacier? | Till |
| ost of the erosional work in deserts is accomplished by _________. | Running Water |
| T/F Most desert streams carry water only in response to specific episodes of rainfall. | True |
| Where is the worlds largest ice sheet located today? | Antarctica |
| During the most recent ice age, glaciers covered about _______ percent of Earth's land area. | 30 |
| Which process occurs where a glacier enters the sea? | Calving |
| T/F The Colorado River is an example of a large wash. | False |
| A _______ forms when a block of ice is buried in drift and subsequently melts creating a pit. | Kettle |
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SKloorfain
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