BJU Life Science 5 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
chromosome | A strand of DNA with associated proteins; usually found in the nucleus of a cell; the basis of heredity. |
gene | A segment of DNA in which the sequence of nucleotides codes for a specific protein (or part of a protein), which in turn contributes to a specific characteristic. |
diploid | Having two of each type of chromosome in the cells of an organism;human diploid number is 46 |
cell division | The division of one cell into two cells; includes mitosis and cytokinesis. |
interphase | The phase of a cell's life cycle before cell division; genes are copied during this period. |
mitosis | The duplication and separation of a cell's chromosomes; usually followed by cytokinesis. |
prophase | The first phase of mitosis; when chromosomes coil and sister chromatids become obvious. |
metaphase | The second phase of mitosis; the chromosomes align by their centromeres across the middle of the spindle. |
anaphase | The third phase of mitosis; during this phase the daughter chromosomes move to opposite ends of the spindle. |
telophase | The last phase of mitosis; when sister chromatids reach the ends of the spindle and the nucleus re-forms. |
cytokinesis | The division of the cytoplasm during the process of cell division. |
asexual reproduction | The production of a new organism without the joining of gametes; reproduction that takes place by mitotic cell division. |
sexual reproduction | The joining of haploid gametes to form a diploid zygote, which develops into a new individual. |
meiosis | The process whereby one diploid cell forms haploid cells (gametes). |
gamete | A haploid cell that contains only one of each type of chromosome found in an organism; an egg or sperm |
haploid | Having only one of each chromosome normally found in the cells of an organism, such as in gametes;human haploid number is 23. |
fertilization | The formation of a zygote from the union of two gametes. |
zygote | A diploid cell formed by the union of two gametes |
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | The nucleic acid that carries genetic information; usually found in the nucleus. |
RNA (ribonucleic acid) | A nucleic acid made of a single chain of nucleotides; functions with ribosomes to form proteins |
mRNA (messenger RNA) | The RNA molecule that transports a coded message from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. |
transcription | The manufacture of a single mRNA strand from a DNA molecule. |
protein synthesis | The manufacturing of protein inside a cell. |
tRNA (transfer RNA) | The RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to the messenger RNA. |
codon | A sequence of three nucleotides in a DNA molecule; each codon identifies an amino acid to be used in the protein coded by the DNA. |
nucleotide | The basic structural unit of DNA and RNA; contains a sugar, a phosphate, and a base. |
DNA replication | The process of forming two DNA molecules from one original DNA molecule. |
Created by:
marchscience
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