biologysolreview3 Word Scramble
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| Question | Answer |
| deoxyribose | the name of the five carbon sugar in DNA |
| a nucleotide in DNA contains on of the four bases-- | adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine |
| adenine binds with | thymine |
| gunaine binds with | cytosine |
| base pairing | binding of bases like A and T and G and C- also known as Chargoff's Rules |
| DNA molecule unzips when... | the enzyme helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between the nucleotides |
| DNA polymerase | enzyme that moves along adding complementary nucleotides according to the base pairing rules |
| RNA | directly manufactures proteins |
| transcription | DNA to RNA |
| translation | RNA to protein |
| differences between DNA and RNA | 1. DNA = 2 strands; RNA= 1 strand 2. sugar molecule: DNA = deoxyribose; RNA= ribose 3. No T in RNA; T replaced with U |
| mRNA | carries instructions for making protein |
| tRNA | carries appropraite amino acid |
| rRNA | involved in protein production |
| template | one strand of DNA acts as this |
| mRNA | is made and processed in the nucleus of the cell and then moves to the cytoplasm |
| codons | mRNA carries the message of DNA in this form which are made up of three bases |
| tRNA | these with the appropriate anticodons bring aminoacids to the ribosome |
| polypeptide | created by amino acid linked by peptide bond |
| mutation | a change in one or more nucleotide bases -caused by mistakes when copying DNA |
| frame shift | insertion/ deletion cause this - everything from that point on is affected |
| chromosomal mutation | change in number or structure of chromosomes |
| nondisjunction | chromosomes don't seperate (ex. Down's Syndrome) |
| translocation | segment moved to non-homologous chromosome |
| duplication | segment repeated |
| inversion | segment inserted into a reverse orientation |
| deletion | segment of chromosomes lost |
| amniocentesis | amniotic fluid taken to look at fetal cells |
| karyotype | paired chromosomes arranged based on shape/ size |
| PKU | body unable to metabolize phenylalanine |
| sickle cell anemia | red blood cells abnormally shaped |
| hemophilia | blood fails to clot- sex link trait |
| genetic engineering | building recombinant DNA (DNA reconstructed from different organisms) |
| restriction enzymes | DNA is cut using these |
| sticky ends | unpaired ends of DNA |
Created by:
qesarah
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