NURS 572 Pharm 28 Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
MOA opioid agonists | activate Mu (--> resp dep) and Kappa (--> psychotomimetic, diuretic) |
strong opioids given oral, IM, rectal (3) | morphine, hydromorphone, oxymorphone |
very short acting opioids (2) | meperidine, remifentanyl |
meperidine uses/ADRs | labor/delivery, neurotoxic metabolite (avoid drug), anticholinergic (watch tachy) |
remifentanyl | break through pain, short acting, metab by plasma esterases |
long-acting opioids (2) | methadone, levorphanol |
methadone uses | pain, maintenance, detox |
levorphanol class | long acting opiate agonist |
chronic pain opioids (3) | fentanyl, alfentanil, sufentanyl |
routes of admin fentanyls | inj, ITS, transdermal, lozenge, lollipop, buccal, nasal spray |
moderate efficacy opioids (3) | codeline, oxycodone, hydrocodone |
codeine | combo, very limiting SEs n/v |
oxycodone | alone or combo |
hydrocodone | combo only |
MOA mixed agonist/antagonist opioids | activate either mu/kappa, antagonize the other |
benefit/limitation mixed opioids | raises resp depr ceiling(+), but pyschotomimetic reactions |
name 4 mixed opioids | pentazocaine, nalbuphine, butorphanol, buprenorphine |
which 2 mixed opioids contraindicated cardiac pts due to increased cardiac load | pentazocaine (contains naloxone too), butorphanol |
class of nalbuphine | mixed opioid |
class of buprenorphine | mixed opioid with diff actions at mu/kappa |
class of penazocaine | mixed opioid, oral combo with naloxone, or injection |
name 4 opiate antagonists that can lead to withdrawal if pt is opioid tolerant | naloxone, naltrexone, methyl-naltrexone, alvimopan |
class, use naloxone | opioid antagonist. rapid, short acting block mu/kappa. detox/cravings |
class, use of naltrexone | opioid antagonist. maintenance post detox. doesn't prevent cravings |
class, use of alvimpoan | only post-op ileus (antagonizes SE of urinary retention). strict controls, in pt only |
opioid ADRs that do NOT develop tolerance | miosis, consitpation |
opioid ADRS where tolerance develops | urinary retention, biliary colic, ICP increases, orthostatic hypoTN, emesis, sedation, decreased respirations, cough suppression |
MOA non-opioid central acting analgesics | weak mu agonist, but either blocks reuptake Ser, Nor or both |
class, moa tramadol | non opioid centrally acting analgesic blocks reuptake of nor, ser |
class, moa tapentadol | non opioid centrally acting analgesic blocks reuptake of ser only |
Created by:
lorrelaws
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