ACID/BASE BASICS Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
Cabonic Acid = | Carbonic acid = H2CO3 |
Bicarbonate (base) = | Bicarbonate (base) = HCO3- |
The ↓serum pH the ↑ or ↓ the H+? | The ↓serum pH the ↑ the H+? |
The ↑serum pH the ↑ or ↓ the H+? | The ↑serum pH the ↓ the H+? |
If the blood is ACIDIC the force of cardiac contractions __? | If the blood is ACIDIC the force of cardiac contractions DIMINISHES |
If the blood is ALKALINIC neuromuscular fxn becomes__? | If the blood is ALKALINIC neuromuscular fxn becomes IMPAIRED |
A blood pH below__ or above __ is usually fatal | A blood pH below 6.8 or above 7.8 is usually fatal |
normal RATIO bicarb (HCO3-): carbonic acid (H2CO3)? | normal RATIO 20:1 bicarb (HCO3-): carbonic acid (H2CO3) |
The 3main blood, ECF & ICF chemical buffers are? | -Bicarbonate (HCO3-) -Phosphate & Protein |
The lungs regulate serum CO2 Which combines with H2O to form ? | Lungs → CO2 + H2O = H2CO3 (carbonic acid) |
Normal PaCO2 Partial Pressure ArterialCO2? | Normal PaCO2 35-45 mmHg |
Normal serum bicarbonate HCO3-? | Normal HCO3- 22-26 mmEq/L |
When blood is ACIDIC kidneys __HCO3- and __ H+ | When blood is ACIDIC kidneys REABSORB HCO3- and EXCRETE H+ |
When blood is ALKALINE kidneys __HCO3- and __ H+ | When blood is ALKALINE kidneys EXCRETE HCO3- and RETAIN H+ |
If imbalance is respiratory which values will be abnormal? | If imbalance is RESPIRATORY PaCO2 (serum CO2) abnormal |
If imbalance is metabolic which values will be abnormal? | If imbalance is METABOLIC SERUM HCO3- abnormal |
HYPOVENTILATION causes? | Respiratory ACIDOSIS (retained CO2) |
Values of Respiratory Acidosis? | pH <7.35 PaCO2 > 45 mmHg HCO3- normal |
HYPERVENTILATION causes? | Respiratory ALKALOSIS (eliminate too much CO2/anxiety) |
Values of Respiratory Alkalosis? | pH > 7.45 PaCO2 < 35 mmHg HCO3- normal |
Metabolic Acidosis values? | HCO3- < 22 mmEq/L pH <7.35 PaCO2 normal |
Metabolic Alkalosis values? | HCO3- >26mmEq/L pH > 7.45 PaCO2 normal |
(MEMORIZE) NORMAL ABG VALUES | Ph: 7.35 - 7.45 PaCO2: 35 - 45 mmHg HCO3-: 22 – 26 mmEq/L |
In RESPIRATORY acid/base imbalance which 2 values move in opposite directions? | pH and PaCO2 |
In RESPIRATORY acid/base imbalance pH and PaCO2 move in what direction? | In RESPIRATORY acid/base imbalance pH and PaCO2 move OPPOSITE directions |
In METABOLIC acid/base imbalance what 2 values move in same direction? | pH and HCO3- |
In METABOLIC acid/base imbalance pH and HCO3- move in what direction? | In METABOLIC acid/base imbalance pH and HCO3- move in SAME direction |
(MEMORIZE) ABNORMAL ABG VALUES AS ACIDIC / ALKALINE? | Basic < 35 PaCO2 45 > Acidic Acidic < 7.35 pH 7.45 > Basic Acidic < 22 HCO3 26 > Basic |
process to determine a/b imbalance? | -List and compare pH, PaCO2, HCO3 with normal values. -write A, B or N next to results -circle same letters(A,B,N) -circled pH/PaCO2=respiratory -circled pH/HCO3=metabolic -circled all 3=combined |
Respiratory ACIDOSIS primary issue? | alveolar hypOventilation |
Causes of RESP ACIDOSIS | -acute pulmonary edema -CNS depression/oversedation -chronic resp disease -severe resp infection - < mechanical ventilation |
Respiratory ALKALOSIS primary issue? | alveolar hypERventilation |
Causes of RESP ALKALOSIS | -anxiety-fear-pain -exercise/heart failure -early sepsis/fever -> mechanical ventilation -hypoxemia/liver failure |
Metabolic ACIDOSIS primary issue? | > acid (H2CO3) < bicarb (HCO3-) |
Causes METABOLIC ACIDOSIS > acid causes | -renal failure/ketoacidosis -severe sepsis -anaerobic metabolism -starvation -salicylate intox |
Causes METABOLIC ACIDOSIS < bicarb (HCO3-) | -anhydrase inhibitors -diarrhea -hypERKalemia -intestinal fistulas |
Metabolic ALKALOSIS primary issue? | > bicarb (HCO3-) < acid (H2CO3) |
Causes Metabolic ALKALOSIS > bicarb(HCO3-) | -excessive antacids -excessive bicarb -lactate admin/dialysis |
Causes Metabolic ALKALOSIS < acid (H2CO3) | -loop thiazide diuretics -steroids -vomiting / NG suction -hypOKalmeia / hypOChloremia |
Treatment of severe metabolic acidosis? | IV Bicarb (sodium bicarb?) |
Treatment of metabolic alkalosis? | Replace fluid, sodium, potassium |
Treatment of respiratory acidosis? | Improve ventilation -bronchodilators -mechanical ventilation |
Treatment of respiratory alkalosis? | -Slow respiratory rate -Rx anxiolytic -pain relief if indicated -paper bag breathing (haha!) |
Created by:
rtcdavis
Popular Nursing sets