ARF and Cor Pulm. Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
Acute Respiratory Failure | not a disease but a condition; inadequate gas exchange, lung can not make the O2 demand of tissues |
Signs of ARF | specific or nonspecific; sudden or gradual onset; either decrease in PaO2 or rapid increase in PaCO2 |
PaO2 | partial pressure oxygen or oxygen pressure in arterial blood; free oxygen that has not yet bound to hemoglobin (80-100mmhg) |
SaO2 | oxygen saturation in arterial blood. Once oxygen is bound to hemoglobin, it no longer exerts pressure (greater or equal to 90%) |
PaCO2 | partial pressure CO2, the amount of carbon dioxide present in the arteries (35-45mmhg) |
Hypoxemia vs Hypercapnia | Hypoxemia is not enough O2 in the blood, anything less than 60mmhg. Hypercapnia is not enough CO2 taken out of the blood, so anything greater than 45mmhg. |
Symptoms of Respiratory Failure | Early signs are tachycardia or HTN. Late signs are severe morning headache or cyanosis. |
Consequences of hypoxemia/hypoxia | Metabolic acidosis, cell death, decreased cardiac output, and impaired renal function |
Clinical Manifestations of Resp Failure | rapid shallow breathing; tripod position; dyspnea; pursed-lip breathing; retractions; change in I/E ratio |
Ventilation-Perfusion Mismatch | volume of blood perfusing the lungs each minute (4-5L); this fails to match the fresh gas that reaches the alveoli, so glood and gas don't match...causes: COPD, pneumonia, asthma, atelectasis, PE |
Shunt | blood exits the heart w/o having participated in gas exchange; there are 2 types: Anatomic shunt (ventricular/septal defect) and Intrapulmonary shunt (b/c of fluid filled alveoli; ARDS, pneumonia, and PE) |
diffusion Limitation | gas exchange is compromised b/c a process has thickened or detroyed the membrane; severe emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis, recurrent PE, hypoxemia present during exercise |
Alveolar Hypoventilation | decrease in ventilation that results in an increase in PaCO2 and decrease in PaO2, its a mechanical in PaO2; restrictive lung disease, CNS disease, chest wall dysfunction, and neuromuscular disease |
Cor Pulmonale | enlargement of the R ventricle (right-sided heart failure); secondary to disease of the lung, thorax, or pulmonary circulation; causes: pulmonary HTN, cardiac failure, and COPD (most common) |
Clinical Manifestations of Cor Pulmonale | dyspnea; chronic productive cough; wheezing; retro/substernal pain; fatigue |
clinical Manifestations of heart failure | peripheral edema 3+, weight gain, JVD, full & bounding pulse, enlarged liver |
Created by:
sydleigh
Popular Nursing sets