HESI A2 Defs Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Absolute zero | The lowest possible temperature (-273.15C) measured in Kelvin at 0, never actually obtained |
Absorption | The process by which a substance is soaked up |
Acid | A substance that can give a proton to another substance. Acids are compounds, cont H, that can attack and dissolve many substances. Desc as weak or strong, dilute or concentrated, mineral or organic. |
Acidic solution | A solution with a pH lower than 7 |
Acidity | General term for the strength of an acid in a solution (H+) |
Acid Radical | The negative ion left behind when an acid loses a Hydrogen ion. E.g. Cl- in HCL |
Acid Salt | Contains at least one H ion and can behave as an acid in chem reax, produced under conditions that do not allow complete neutralisation of the acid. |
Aerobe | microorganism that grows in the presence of oxygen |
Amino Acid | Any of 20 basic bldg blocks of proteins - composed of a free amino (NH2) end, a free carboxyl (COOH) end, and a side group (R). |
Anaerobe | Organism that grows in the absence of oxygen |
Antibiotic resistance | ability of microorganism to produce a protein that disables antibiotic or prevents transport of antibiotic to cell |
Antibiotic | class of natural and synthetic compounds that inhibit the growth of or kill other microbes |
Antibody | An immunoglobin protein produced by B-lymphocytes of the immune system that binds to specific antigen molecule. |
Anticodon | Nucleotide base triplet in a transfer RNA mol that pairs with a complementary base triplet, or codon, in a messenger RNA molecule. |
Antigen | Any foreign substance, such as a virus, bacterium, or protein that elicits an immune response by stimulating the production of antibodies. |
Antigen determinant | Surface feature of a microorganism or macromolecule, such as a glycoprotein, that elicits an immune response |
Antimicrobial agent | Any chemical or biological agent that harms the growth of microorganisms |
Asexual reproduction | Nonsexual means of reproduction which can include grafting and budding |
Autosome | A chromosome that is not involved in sex de-termination |
Bacillus | A rod-shaped bacterium |
Backcross | Crossing an org with one of its parent org's |
Bacteriocide | Class of antibiotics that kills bacterial cells |
Bacteriophage | A virus that infects bacteria. Altered forms are used as vectors for cloning DNA. |
Bacteriostat | Class of antibiotics that prevents growth of bacterial cells. |
Bacterium | Single-celled, microscopic prokaryotic organism: a single cell organism w/o a distinct nucleus. |
Base Pair (bp) | Pair of complementary nitrogenous bases in a DNA molecule--A-T G-C. Also, the unit of measurement for DNA sequences. |
Biologics | Agents (such as vaccines) that give immunity to diseases or harmful biotic stresses. |
Carcinogen | substance that induces cancer |
Carcinoma | Malignant tumor derived from epithelial tissue, which forms the skin and outer cell layers of internal organs. |
Catalyst | Substance that promotes a chemical reax by lowering the activation energy of a chem reax, but which itself remains unaltered by the reaction. |
Catalytic Antibody (ABENZYME) | Antibody selected for its ability to catalyze a chemical reax by binding to and stabilizing the trasition state intermediate. |
Catalytic RNA (Ribozyme) | natural or synthetic RNA mol that cuts an RNA substrate |
Cation | Positively charged ion |
Centers of Origin | Usu the location in the world where the oldest cultivation of a particular crop has been identified |
Centromere | Central portion of the chromosome to which the spindle fibers attach during mitotic and meiotic division |
Chemotherapy | Treatment for cancers that involves administering chemicals toxic to malignant cells. |
Chloramphenicol | Antibiotic that interferes with protein synthesis. |
Chromatid | Each of the 2 daughter strands of a duplicated chromosome joined at the centromere during mitosis and meiosis. |
Codon | Group of three nucleotides that specifies addition of one of the 20 amino acids during translation of an mRNA into a polypeptide. |
Coenzyme (cofactor) | Organic molecule, such as a vitamin, that binds to an enzyme and is required for catalytic activity. |
Colony | Group of identical cells (clones) derived from a single progenitor cell. |
Conjugation | The joining of two bacteria cells when genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another. |
Cross-Hybridization | hydrogen bonding of a single-stranded DNA seq that is partially but not entirely complementary to a single-stranded substrate. |
Crossing-over | The exchange of DNA sequences between chromatids of homologous chromosomes during meiosis |
Cross-pollination | Fertilization of a plant from a plant with a differnt genetic makeup |
Culture | Particular kind of org. growing in a laboratory medium |
Dalton | Unit of measurement equal to the mass of a hydrogen atom (Avagadro's number) 1.67x10E-24 gram/L |
Death Phase | Final growth phase, during which nutrients have been depleted and cell number decreases. |
Denature | TO induce structural alterations that disrupt the biological activity of a mol. Often refers to breaking hydrogen bonds btw base pairs in ds nucleic acid mols |
Density gradient certrifugation | High-speed centrifugation in which mols "float" at a point where their density equals that in a grasient of cesium chloride or sucrose. |
Dideoxynucleotide (didN) | deoxynucleotide lacking a 3' hydroxyl group - used in DNA sequencing and treatment of viral diseases. |
Digest | to cut DNA molecules with one or more restriction endonucleases |
Diploid cell | Cell containing 2 copies of each chromosome |
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | An organic acid and polymer composed of 4 nitrogenous bases; linked via intervening units of phosphate and the pentose sugar deoxyribose. Genetic material of most organisms. |
DNA sequencing | Procedures for determining the nucleotide sequence of a DNA fragment. |
Dominant gene | gene whose phenotype is present in a single copy |
Dominant (acting) oncogene | Gene that stimulates cell proliferation and contributes to oncogenesis when present in a single copy. |
Dominant | Allele is said to be dominant if it is expressed in phenotype in the presence of a recessive allele |
Double-helix | Desc the coiling of the antiparallel strands of the DNA molecule. |
DS Complimentary DNA (dscDNA) | duplex DNA mol copied from a cDNA template. |
Ecology | study of the interactions of org with their environment and with each other. |
Ecosystem | Organisms in a plant pop and the biotic and abiotic factors which impact them. |
Electrophoresis | Technique of separating charged molecules in a matrix to which is applied in an electrical field. |
Electroporation | Method for transforming DNA in which high voltage pulses of electricity are used to open pores in cell membranes, through which foreign DNA can pass. |
Endophyte | An organism that lives inside another |
Enzymes | Proteins that control the various steps of all chemical reactions |
Eukaryote | Org. possessing a nucleus and other membrane-bound vessicles - protist, fungi, plant and animal kingdoms |
Evolution | long-term process through which a population of org accumulates genetic changes that enable its members to successfully adapt to env cond and to be exploit food resources. |
Flanking region | The DNA sequences extendingon either side of a specific locus or gene. |
Fungus | microogranism that lacks chlorophyll |
Gene insertion | The addition of one or more copies of a normal gene into a defective chromosome. |
Gene | A locus on a chromosome that encodes for a specific protein or several related proteins. It is considered the functional unit of heredity. |
Genetic engineering | The manipulation of an organism's genetic endowment by introducing or eliminating specific genes through modern molecular biology technologies. |
Genetic marker | A gene or group of genes used to "mark" or track the action of microbes. |
Genotype | structure of DNA that determines the expression of a trait. |
Genus | A category incl closely related species. Interbreeding between organisms within the same catagory can occur. |
Growth factor | A serum protein that stimulates cell division when it binds to its cell-surface receptor. |
Haploid cell | A cell containing only one set, or half the usual (diploid) number of chromosomes. |
Hemophilia | An X-linked recessive genetic disease, caused by a mutation in the gene for clotting factor VIII (hemophilia A) or clotting factor IX (hemophilia B), which leads to abnormal blood clotting. |
Homologous chromosomes | Chromosomes that have the same linear arrangement of genes--a pair of matching chromossomes in a diploid organism. |
Homologous recombination | Exchange of DNA fragments between two DNA molecules or chromatids of paired chromosomes (during cross over)at the site of identical nucleotide sequences. |
Host | An organism that contains another organism. |
Hydrogen Bond | A relatively weak bond formed between a Hydrogen atom (covalently bound to a N or O2 atom) and a N and O2 with an unshared e- pair. |
Hydrolysis | A reaction in which a molecule of water is added at the site of cleavage of a molecule to two products. |
In situ | Refers to performing assays or manipulations with intact tissues. |
In vivo | Refers to biological processes that take place within a living org or cell. |
Incomplete dominance | A condition where a heterozygous off-spring has a phenotype that is distinctly different from, and intermediate to, the parental phenotypes. |
Insulin | A peptide hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas that regulates the level of sugar in the blood. |
Interferon | A family of small proteins that stimulate viral resistance in cells. |
Lysis | The destruction of the cell membrane |
Malignant | Having the properties of cancerous growth. |
Meiosis | The reduction division process by which haploid gametes and spores are formed, consisting of a single duplication of the genetic material followed by two mitotic divisions. |
Messenger RNA (mRNA) | class of RNA mol's that copies the genetic info from DNA, in the nucleus, and carries it to the ribosomes, in the cytoplasm, where it is translated into a protein. |
Metabolism | The biochemical processes that sustain a living cell or organism. |
Mitosis | The replication of a cell to form two daughter cells with identical sets of chromosomes. |
Molecular biology | The study of the biochemical and molecular interactions within living cells. |
Mutagen | Any agent or process that can cause mutations. |
Mutation | An alteration in DNA structure or sequence of a gene. |
Natural selection | Differential survival and reproduction of organisms with genetic characteristics that enable them to better utilize environmental resources. |
Nucleic acids | deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are made up of long chains of molecules called nucleotides. |
Nucleotide | A building block of DNA and RNA, consisting of a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar, and a phosphate group. Together, the nucleotides form codons, which when strung together form genes, which in turn link to form chromosomes. |
OSHA | One of the US agencies responsible for regulation of biotechnology. The major law under which the agency has regulatory powers is the Occupational Health and Safety Act. |
Organelle | A cell structure that carries out a specialized function in the life of a cell. |
Ovum | female gamete |
Parasitism | The closest association of two or more dissimilar organisms where the association is harmful to at least one. |
Pathogen | Organism which can cause disease in another organism. |
Persistence | Ability of an org. to remain in a particular setting for a period of time after it is introduced. |
Phenotype | Observable characteristics of an organism, the expression of a gene alleles (genotype) as an observable physical or biochemical trait. |
Phospholipid | A class of lipid mols in which a phosphate group is linked to a glycerol and two fatty acyl groups. A chief component of biological membranes. |
Plaque | a clear spot on a lawn of bacteria or cultured cells where cells have lysed by viral infection. |
Polymer | A molecule composed of repeated subunits. |
Polypeptide (protein) | Polymer composed of multiple amino acid units linked by peptide bonds. |
Polysaccharide | A polymer composed of multiple units of monosaccharides (simple sugar). |
Primary cell | A cell or cell line taken directly from a living organism, which is not immortalized. |
Prokaryote | Bacterial cell lacking a true nucleus; its DNA is usually in one long strand. |
Protease | An enzyme that cleaves peptide bonds that link amino acids in protein molecules. An enzyme that adds phosphate groups to a protein mol at serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues. |
Protein | A polymer of amino acids linked via peptide bonds and which may be composed of two or more polypeptide chains. |
Recessive gene | Characterized as having a phenotype expressed only when both copies of the gene are mutated or missing. |
Recombinant DNA | process of cutting and recombining DNA fragments from different sources as means to isolate genes or to alter their structure and funtion. |
Recombinant | A cell that results from recombination of genes |
Retrovirus | member of a class of RNA viruses that uses the enzyme reverse transcriptase to reverse copy its genome into a DNA intermediate, which integrates into the hostcell chromosome. Many nat occurring cancers of vertebrate animals are caused by retroviruses. |
Reverse genetics | Using linkage analysis and polymorphic markers to isolate a disease gene in the absense of a known metabolic defect, then using the DNA seq of the cloned gene to predict the aa sequence of its encoded protein. |
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) | The RNA component of the ribosome |
RNA (ribonucleic acid) | Organic acid c/o repeating nucleotide units of a, g, c, and uracil, whose ribose components are linked by phosphodiester bonds |
Sexual reproduction | process where two cells (gametes) fuse to form one hybrid, fertilized cell. |
Subunit vaccine | Vaccine c/o a purified antigenic determinant that is separated from the virulent organism. |
Synapsis | Pairing of homologous chromosome pairs during prophase of the first meiotic division, when crossing over occurs. |
Taq polymerase | A heat-stable DNA polymerase isolated from the bacterium. Therrnus aquaticus, used in PCR. |
Telomere | end of a chromosome |
Transcription | The process of creating a complementary RNA copy of DNA. |
Vaccine | Preparation of dead or weakend pathogen, or of derived antigenic determinants, that is used to induce info of antibodies or immunity against the pathogen. |
Vector | an autonomously replicating DNA mol into which foreign DNA fragments are inserted and then propagated in a host cell. Also living carriers of genetic material from plants to plant, i.e. insects. |
Virulence | The degree of ability of an organism to cause disease. |
Virus | Infectious particle composed of a protein capsule and a nucleic acid core, which is dependent on a host org for replication A ds DNA copy of an RNA virus genome that is integrated into the host chrom during lysogenic infection. |
Wild type | An organism as found in nature; the org before it is genetically engineered. |
X-linked disease | a genetic disease caused by a mutation on the X chromosome. In such recessive conditions- a normal female "carrier" passes on mutated X chrom to an affected son. |
Abrasion | injury to the integrity of the skin resulting in skin loss |
Abrupt | describes a sudden change that occurs without warning |
Abscess | pus forming pocket |
Abstain | the deliberate effort to refrain from an action |
Acapnia | low level of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) in the blood |
Accept | to willingly receive something; the process of granting approval |
Access | the freedom to use something as one chooses; the permission or ability to enter or approach a specific area |
Accountable | responsible for actions or explanations |
Acne | Inflammation of the skin related to glands and hair |
Adenoiditis | Inflammation of the adenoids |
Adhere | the process of binding one thing to another using glue, tape, or another agent; refers to the action of maintaining loyalty or support |
Adverse | in a contrary fashion; can cause harm; may also refer to something that is in opposition to one's interests |
Alopecia | baldness |
Amenorrhea | Lacking menstrual discharge |
Annual | duration of a single year; an occurrence that takes place once each year |
Anorchism | Absence of testes |
Anoxia | oxygen (O2) deficiency |
Anterior | frontal position |
Anteroposterior | frontal to back positioning |
Anuria | No urine production |
Aphonia | no voice |
Apnea | not breathing |
Apply | to put something to use; having a relevant or valid connection to something else |
Atelectasis | Abnormal expansion of the lung |
Audible | capable of being heard |
Azoturia | Elevated or excessive level of nitrogen substrates and urea in urine |
Endogenous | the growth from a deep tissue; refers to cond's that arise from factors that are internal to an organism |
Endoscopy | inspection of a body cavity - visually |
Enuresis | Uncontrollable urination |
Epidermal | related to the skin |
Epididymitis | Inflammation of the epididymis |
Epididymis | one of a pair of long, tightly coiled ducts that carry sperm from the seminiferous tubules of the testes to the vas deferens |
Epithelial | Related to epethelium tissue |
Epithelioma | skin cell tumor |
Erythema | redness in appearance |
Erythrocyte | red blood cell |
Erythrocytosis | elevated rbc count |
Erythroderma | redness of the skin |
Eupnea | normal breathing |
Exacerbate | to cause something to become more intense in nature; esp an increase in violence or severity |
Excess | surpassing usual limitations; unnecessary indulgence |
Exogenous | the growth from superficial or shallow tissue; refers to conditions caused by factors external to an organism |
Exposure | being subject to a condition or influence; making a secret fact known publicly |
External | being outside the human body; existing outside the confines of a specific space or institution |
Fibroma | tumor made of fibrous cells |
Fibrosarcoma | Malignant tumor made of fibrous cells |
Fissure | crack in skin's integrity; cleft or groove on the surface of an organ; lineal fault on a bony surface that occurs during development of a part |
Flaccid | the state of not being firm; lacking vigor, force or youthful firmness |
Flush | to chase from a place of concealment; forcing one substance out of a space by introducing another |
Gaping | something wide open or exposed |
Hepatosalpinx | fallopian tube with blood present |
Hidradenitis | inflammation of sweat glands |
HIV | retrovirus causing AIDS |
Hydration | taking up of elements with the aid of water; constant supply of fluids |
Hydrosalpinz | water in the fallopian tube |
Hygiene | the science of health-inducing practices |
Hymenectomy | removal of the hypmen |
Hyperplasia | elevated number of cells |
Hypocapnia | decreased level of CO2 in the blood stream |
Hypodermic | related to under the skin |
Hypoplasia | decreased numbers of cells required for normal organ development |
Hypoxemia | limited O2 in the bloodstream |
Hysteropexy | fixation of the uterus |
Iatrology | study of medicine |
Indicence | arrival of something at a surface; something that occurs or affects something else |
Induration | firm point or points, possibly in the periwound area |
Inferior | below a point of origin |
Inflamed | to incite an intensely emotional state; also refers to something that has be set on fire |
Ingest | to take into the mouth for digestion |
Insidious | something or someone who is enticing but dangerous; slow-developing dangerousness |
Intact | remaining whole or untouched |
Internal | inside the body or the mind |
Invasive | tending to spread or infringe upon something |
Karyocite | cellular unit with a nucleus |
Keloid | scar tissue that has exhibited excess growth |
Keratogenic | creation of horny like tissue appearance |
Labile | unstable; constantly undergoing chemical or physical change or breakdown |
Laceration | wound with irregular borders; jagged |
Latent | not presently active but with the potential to become active |
Lateral | opposite of medial; rel to the point of origin |
Leiodermia | smooth skin |
Leiomyoma | tumor made of smooth muscle cells |
Leiomyosarcoma | malignant tumor made of smooth muscle cells |
Lethargic | sluggish, indifferent, or apathetic |
Leukocyte | white blood cell |
Leukocytosis | elevated wbc's |
Lipoid | fat-like substance |
Lipoma | tumor composed of fat |
Liposarcoma | malignant tumor made of fat cells |
Lithotripsy | crushing of a stone |
Lumbar | lower back region |
Mammoplasty | repair of the breasts |
Mammotome | devise used to cut breast tissue |
Manifestation | act of becoming outwardly visible |
Mastitis | inflammation of the breast tissue |
Mastectomy | removal of breast |
Mastoptosis | drooping of breast |
Menarche | start of menstruation |
Menometrorrhagia | flow of blood during menstruation, and between cycles |
Melanocarcinoma | malignant black tumor |
Melanoma | tumor of epithelial tissue |
Metastasis | progression of a disease between organs |
Metrorrhea | uterus discharge that is excessive |
Micturate | voiding or urination |
Myometritis | inflammation of the uterine tissue |
Myopathy | muscular disease |
Necrosis | cellular death; often resulting in black, dead tissue |
Neopathy | new-sprung disease |
Nephrectomy | removal of a kidney |
Nephrogram | x-ray of the kidney |
Nephrolysis | kidney separation |
Nephropexy | fixation of the kidney |
Nephroma | kidney tumor |
Nephromegaly | kidney enlargement |
Nephroptosis | sagging kidney |
Nephrostomy | creating an opening of the kidney |
Neuroma | tumor involving nerves |
Nocturia | urination at night |
Nutrient | something that provides nourishment |
Bilateral | present on two sides |
cast | hard protective device applied to protect a broken bone while the bone heals |
Compensatory | offsetting or making up for something |
Complication | an undesired problem due to the result of another event |
Concave | rounded invard |
Consistency | Degree of viscosity; how thick or thin a fluid is |
Constrict | to draw together to shrink |
Contingent | dependent |
Contour | Shape or outline of a shape |
Contraindication | Reason why something is not advisable or should not be done |
Defecate | expel feces |
Deficit | a deficiency or lack |
Depress | press downward |
Diameter | distance across the center of an object |
Dilate | enlarge or expand |
Distended | enlarge or expanded from pressure |
Inflamed | reddened, swollen, warm, and often tender |
Manifestation | An indication or sign of a condition |
Nutrient | a substance or ingredient that provides nourishment |
Oral | Given through or affecting the mouth |
Overt | Obvious, easily observed |
Parameter | A characteristic or constant factor |
Paroxysmal | Beginning suddenly or abruptly |
Patent | Open |
Potent | Producing a strong effect |
Precaution | preventative measure |
Precipitous | Rapidly uncontrolled |
Predispose | to make more susceptible or more likely to occur |
Preexisting | Already present |
prognosis | anticipated or expected course or outcome |
rationale | underlying reason |
Untoward | adverse or negative |
Void | excrete urine |
Volume | amt of space occupied by a fluid |
Abdominopelvic | cavity composed of the abdomen and the pelvis |
Absorption | Mvmt of nutrients from the digestive tract to the bloodstream |
Actin | Protein making up the I band of the sacromere |
Amino acid | building block of proteins |
Antibody | special proteins that protect the body from foreign substances |
ATP | Adenosine Triphosphate, energy |
Atria | Upper chambers of the heart |
Bile | Produced in the liver to emulsify fat in the stomach |
Cartilage | tissue made of cells and fibers that connect and support |
ceruminous gland | gland of the ear that produces ear wax |
Chromosomes | Bodies within the nucleus made of DNA and proteins called histomes |
Cilia | Small hairlike projections on some cells |
CNS | central nervous system: brain and spinal cord |
Coronal Plane | Imaginary line passing through the body fro the head to feet that divides the body anteriorly and posteriorly |
Cranial cavity | body cavity containing the brain |
Diaphragm | Dome-shaped breathing muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities |
Diffusion | mvmt of materials from high concentration to lower concentration |
Dorsal Horn | Cresent-shaped projection of gray matter within the spinal cord where sensory neurons enter the spinal cord |
ECG | electrocardiogram, a record of the electrical activity of the heart |
Embryo | Prenatal development time between zygote and fetus |
Endometrium | inner lining of the uterus |
Enzymes | functional proteins; usu end in "ase" |
Foramen Magnum | A passage in the skull bone through which the spinal cord enters the spinal column |
Glucose | a simple sugar found in certain foods, produced by plants |
Homeostasis | The physiologic steady state that is naturally maintained within the body |
Hypothalamus | Portion of the brain that regulates body temp, sleep, and appetite |
Joints | articulations between adjoining bones |
Keratin | a tough, fibrous, insoluble protein forming the primary component of hair, skin, nails,and tooth enamel |
Keratinized Epithelium | dead cells of the epidermis |
Lacteal vessel | found within villi of intestinal wall, where fat nutrients are absorbed |
Adjective | a descriptive word that modifies a noun or pronoun |
Adverb | a word that modifies a verb, adj, or another adverb and indicates when, how, where, why, or how much |
Article | a word that is used to limit a noun, either indefinite (a or an) or definite (the) |
Clause | a group of words that are related and contain both a subject and verb |
Direct object | the noun or pronoun that recieves the action of the verb and answers the question whom or what |
Noun | a word for a person, place or thing |
Object of the preposition | the noun, pronoun, phrase, or clause to which the prep refers |
Phrase | a group of words that are related but do not contain a verb and a subject together |
Possessive pronoun | a pronoun used to indicate ownership |
Preposition | a word such as by, at, to, or from that gives additional info, usu in relationship to something else in the sentence |
Pronoun | a word that replaces and refers to a noun |
subject | a noun or pronoun that performs the action of a verb. If a sentence contains a verb or being or a linking verb such as be, feel, become, or look--the subject of the sentence is the noun or pronoun being described |
Verb | a word that shows an action or a state of being |
antecedent | the noun that a pronoun refers to e.g. Mom went to the store before I could remind her to buy milk. Mom is the antecedent |
Coordinating conjunctions | words that join two or more words, phrases, or clauses so that each conjoined element is equal E.g. for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS) |
Subordinating conjunction | a word that joins two or more clauses and makes the clause that contains it dependent on another clause; making the clause that cont the sub conj of less importance E.g. because, though, although, as, as if, when, and while |
Nominalization | the making of a noun from a verb, adverb, or adj |
Active verbs | verbs that show an action performed by the subject |
Predicate | the part of the sentence that tells what the subject does or what is done to the subject. It includes the verb and all the words that modify the verb. |
Predicate Adjective | an adj that follows a linking verb and helps to explain the subject. E.g. My professors are wonderful. |
Predicate Nominative | Noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb and helps to explain the subject E.g. Professors are teachers. |
Ligaments | tissue connecting bone to bone |
Median Plane | imaginary line dividing the body or body part into right and left portions |
Mediastinum | Space within the thoracic cavity that houses all the organs of the chest except the lungs |
metabolism | the sum total uses of ATP in the body |
Myosin | A protein that makes up nearly half of the proteins in muscle cells |
orbits | Cavities containing the eyes |
Organelle | A structurally discrete component of a cell that performs a specific fx |
pH | Measurement associated with acids and bases pH=-log(Ah) based on the activity (Ah) of hydrogen ions dissolved in a solution |
Phagocytosis | Engulfing of materials by wbc's in the body |
Plasma | the liquid portion of the blood |
Pulmonary Circulation | Blood flow through a network of vessels between the heart and the lungs for the oxygenation of blood and the removal of carbon dioxide |
Ribosome | Organelle of the cell where protein synthesis takes place |
Sagittal | An imaginary line running from front to back that divides the body into right and left portions |
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum | Organelle of the muscle fiber that stores Calcium |
Sebaceous glands | Oil glands of the skin |
Spinal Column | backbone that houses and protects the spinal cord |
subcutaneous tissue | Layer of tissue under the dermis that contains adipose tissue |
Sudoriferous Glands | sweat glands |
synovial membranes | Loose, connective tissue that llines the joint cavity |
systemic circulation | The general blood circulation of the body, not including the lungs |
Thoracic Cavity | chest cavity |
Transverse Plane | Imaginary line dividing the body or body parts into top and bottom portions |
vasoconstriction | a narrowing of the diameter of a blood vessel |
Vasodilation | widening of the diameter of a blood vessel |
ventral horns | The anterior columns of the gray matter of the spinal cord |
ventricles | lower chambers of the heart |
zygote | fertilized egg, from the time it is fertilized to implantation |
Average speed | the distance an object travels divided by the time the object travels |
Velocity | speed in a specific direction |
Acceleration | the change in velocity over a period of time |
Rate of Gravity | 9.8 m/sec2 |
Newton's First law of Motion | a body at rest will remain at rest, and a body in motion will remain in motion, unless acted on by an unbalance force F=ka |
Newton's Second Law of Motion | the constant of proportionality (k) is equal to the mass of the object F=ma |
Newton's Third Law of Motion | For every action there must be an equal and oppisite reaction. |
Friction | opposes motion and is expressed in Newtons |
Crest | High point of a wave |
Trough | Low point of a wave |
amplitude | Maximum displacement from equilibrium |
Wavelength | Distance between successive identical parts of a wave |
Frequency | Vibrations or oscillations per unit of time. Expressed in vibrations per second and measured in hertz (s-1) |
concave | positive focal lengths form a variety of image shapes, sizes and orientation depending on the focal length of the mirror where the obj is place. |
convex mirror | negative focal lengths smaller and upright |
Scientific Argument | 1. Problem identification 2. Question asked 3. Hypothesis developed 4. Data collection & experimentation 5. analysis 6. conclusion |
Diapedesis | the process of wbc's squeezing through the cappilary slits in response to cytokines, occurs, followwed by cellular adhesion molecules (CAM's) guiding the wbc's to the site of injury or infection |
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JaeLaw23
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