Endocrine Test 3 Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
Disorders of the adrenal glands | Adrenal hyperfunction (Cushings syndrome), adrenal hypofunction (Addisons disease) and pheochromocytoma |
Adrenal glands location | Above the kidneys |
Two regions of the adrenal glands | Medulla and cortex |
Adrenal medulla | Inner portion of the adrenal gland |
Adrenal cortex | Outer portion of the adrenal gland |
Extension of the sympathetic nervous system | Adrenal medulla |
Sympathetic nervous system called... | Fight or flight system |
What cells in the adrenal medulla secrete hormones? | Chromaffin cells |
Two hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla | Epinephrine and norepinephrine |
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are considered... | Catecholimines |
Catecholimines help the body respond to stress by... | Elevating blood pressure, increasing heart rate, converting glycogen to glucose in the liver, increasing metabolic rate of most cells, causing bronchodilation, and changing blood flow patterns |
Adrenal cortex secretes... | Hormones called steroids |
Steroids | Lipid-soluble hormones made from cholesterol |
Three steroids secreted by the adrenal cortex | Glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and sex hormones |
If adrenal cortex is removed... | Death will occur unless steroids are administered |
Adrenal cortical steroids regulate | Sugar, salt and sex |
Glucocorticoids | Affect carbohydrates, protein and fat metabolism |
Chief glucocorticoid | Cortisol |
Cortisol | Stress hormone that is secreted in greater amounts during times of stress |
Cortisol is also used as... | A drug to prevent inflammation in the treatment of arthritis and sever allergic responses |
What stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol? | ACTH |
Chief mineralocorticoid | Aldosterone |
Aldosterone | Regulates blood volume and blood pressure |
Aldosterone often called... | The salt retaining hormone |
Female hormones | Estrogens |
Male hormones | Androgens |
Hyposecretion of the adrenal gland to secrete cortical hormones | Addisons disease |
Addisons disease characterized by... | Generalized weakness, muscle atrophy, bronzing of the skin, hyperkalemia and sever loss of fluids and electrolytes |
Adrenal insufficiency can progress to... | Low blood volume, shock and death |
Adrenal insufficiency must be treated with... | Steroids and replacement of fluids and electrolytes |
Hypersecretion of either ACTH or cortisol | Cushings syndrome |
Cushings syndrome characterized by... | Truncal obesity, moon face, buffalo hump, virilization, facial hair, thin skin that bruises easily, bone loss, and muscle weakness |
Elevated levels of cortisol are often caused by... | Administration of steroids as drugs such as prednisone |
Adrenocortical insuffiency occurs when... | Adrenal glands do not secrete adequate amount of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens |
Addisons disease may result from... | Adrenalectomy, pituitary hypofunction, or longstanding steroid therapy |
Most common cause of Addisons disease | Autoimmune response |
Adrenal insufficiency most often occurs in... | Adults less than 60 years of age |
Addisons disease is ofetn advanced before... | It is diagnosed |
Manifestations of Addisons are usually not present until... | 90% of the adrenal cortex is destroyed |
Clinical manifestations of Addisons disease | Imbalances in adrenal hormones, nutrients and electrolytes |
Subjective data for Addisons disease | Progressive weakness, fatigue, nausea, anorexia, and craving for salt |
Postural hypotension may be associated with... | Vertigo, weakness and syncope |
Objective data for Addisons disease | Skin hyperpigmentation, weight loss and hypoglycemia |
Adrenal crisis | Life threatening emergency caused by insufficient adrenocortical hormones or a sudden sharp decrease in hormones |
Signs of impending adreanl crisis | Abnormally high or low temperature, orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia |
Most common form of replacement therapy for Addisons disease | Hydrocortisone |
Addisons disease diet | High in sodium and low in potassium |
Pheochromocytoma | Tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes excessive secretion of catecholimines |
Pheochromocytoma often occurs in... | Adults 20-60 years old |
Secretion of excessive catecholimines results in... | Severe hypertension |
Hypertensive crisis | Blood pressure fluctuates widely, sometimes as high as 300/175 |
Extreme hypertension may result in... | Stroke, kidney damage or retinopathy |
Treatment of pheochromocytoma | Surgical removal of the tumor |
Created by:
caysmommy03
Popular Nursing sets